Iterambere Rigezweho mu Bateri Zisanzwe n'Ibigo 10 Bikomeye ku Isi bya Lithium-ion

Mu 2024, uburyo bwo guhatana ku isi hose ku bateri z'amashanyarazi bwatangiye kugaragara. Amakuru yatangajwe ku ya 2 Nyakanga agaragaza ko ishyirwaho rya bateri z'amashanyarazi ku isi ryageze kuri 285.4 GWh kuva muri Mutarama kugeza muri Gicurasi uyu mwaka, bigaragaza ko izamuka rya 23% ugereranyije n'umwaka ushize.

Ibigo icumi bya mbere biri kuri uru rutonde ni: CATL, BYD, LG Energy Solution, SK Innovation, Samsung SDI, Panasonic, CALB, EVE Energy, Guoxuan High-Tech, na Xinwanda. Ibigo by’Abashinwa bicuruza bateri bikomeje gufata imyanya itandatu mu icumi ya mbere.

Muri byo, ingufu za CATL zo gushyiramo bateri z'amashanyarazi zageze kuri 107 GWh, zigize 37.5% by'isoko, zigafata umwanya wa mbere ku isoko, zikaba zifite inyungu idasanzwe. CATL niyo sosiyete yonyine ku isi yarengeje 100 GWh z'ibikoresho byo gushyiramo bateri z'amashanyarazi. Ingufu za BYD zo gushyiramo bateri z'amashanyarazi zageze kuri 44.9 GWh, iza ku mwanya wa kabiri n'imigabane y'isoko ya 15.7%, yiyongereyeho amanota 2 ku ijana ugereranije n'amezi abiri ashize. Mu rwego rwa bateri za solid-state, gahunda y'ikoranabuhanga ya CATL ishingiye ahanini ku guhuza ibikoresho bya solid-state na sulfide, hagamijwe kugera ku bucucike bw'ingufu bwa 500 Wh / kg. Kuri ubu, CATL ikomeje gushora imari mu rwego rwa bateri za solid-state kandi yiteze kugera ku musaruro muto bitarenze 2027.

Ku bijyanye na BYD, amasoko agaragaza ko bashobora gukoresha gahunda y'ikoranabuhanga igizwe na cathodes za nickel ternary (crystal imwe), anodes zishingiye kuri silicon (kwaguka guke), na electrolytes za sulfide (halides zigizwe n'ibice). Ubushobozi bw'uturemangingo bushobora kurenza 60 Ah, hamwe n'ubucucike bw'ingufu za 400 Wh/kg n'ubucucike bw'ingufu za 800 Wh/L. Ubucucike bw'ingufu za bateri, budashobora gutobora cyangwa gushyuha, bushobora kurenza 280 Wh/kg. Igihe cyo gukora ubucucike ni kimwe n'isoko, aho umusaruro muto witezwe mu 2027 no kuzamura isoko mu 2030.

LG Energy Solution yari iteganya ko bateri za solid-state zishingiye kuri oxide zizatangizwa mu 2028 na bateri za solid-state zishingiye kuri sulfide zizatangizwa mu 2030. Amakuru agezweho agaragaza ko LG Energy Solution igamije gucuruza ikoranabuhanga rya bateri zumutse mbere ya 2028, ibi bikaba bishobora kugabanya ikiguzi cyo gukora bateri ku kigero cya 17%-30%.

SK Innovation irateganya kurangiza iterambere rya bateri za polymer oxide composite solid-state na bateri za sulfide solid-state bitarenze 2026, aho intego y’inganda izashyirwa mu bikorwa mu 2028. Ubu, barimo gushinga ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi ku bateri i Daejeon, Chungcheongnam-do.

Samsung SDI iherutse gutangaza gahunda yayo yo gutangira gukora bateri zikomeye mu 2027. Igice cya bateri barimo gukoraho kizagera ku bucucike bw'ingufu bwa 900 Wh/L kandi kigire ubuzima bugera ku myaka 20, bityo kikabasha gusharija 80% mu minota icyenda.

Panasonic yari yakoranye na Toyota mu 2019, igamije guhindura bateri za solid-state kuva mu cyiciro cy’igerageza kugera ku iterambere ry’inganda. Izi sosiyete zombi zanashinze ikigo cy’abateri za solid-state cyitwa Prime Planet Energy & Solutions Inc. Ariko, nta yandi mavugurura araboneka ubu. Nubwo bimeze bityo, Panasonic yari yatangaje mbere ko mu 2023 izatangira gukora bateri za solid-state mbere ya 2029, cyane cyane izakoreshwa mu binyabiziga bitagira abapilote.

Hari amakuru make aherutse kuvugwa ku iterambere rya CALB mu bijyanye na bateri za solid-state. Mu gihembwe cya kane cy'umwaka ushize, CALB yavuze mu nama y'abafatanyabikorwa ku isi ko bateri zabo za semi-solid-state zizashyirwa mu modoka z'ikirango cy'abanyamahanga mu gihembwe cya kane cya 2024. Izi bateri zishobora kugera ku ntera ya kilometero 500 hamwe n'umuvuduko w'iminota 10, kandi intera ntarengwa yazo ishobora kugera kuri kilometero 1000.

Umuyobozi wungirije wa EVE Energy mu kigo cy’ubushakashatsi, Zhao Ruirui, yahishuye iterambere rigezweho mu bijyanye na bateri za solid-state muri Kamena uyu mwaka. Bivugwa ko EVE Energy irimo gukurikirana gahunda y’ikoranabuhanga irimo sulfide na halide solid-state electrolytes. Bateganya gutangiza bateri za solid-state zose mu 2026, ku ikubitiro bakibanda ku modoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zivanze.

Guoxuan High-Tech yamaze gusohora "Bateri ya Jinshi," bateri yuzuye ikoresha electrolyte za sulfide. Ifite ubucucike bw'ingufu bugera kuri 350 Wh / kg, irenga bateri zisanzwe za ternary ho hejuru ya 40%. Ifite ubushobozi bwo gukora 2 GWh, Guoxuan High-Tech ifite ubushobozi bwo gukora 2 GWh, ifite intego yo gukora ibizamini bito ku modoka bya bateri yose isanzwe ya Jinshi mu 2027, hagamijwe kugera ku musaruro mwinshi mu 2030 igihe uruhererekane rw'inganda ruzaba rwamaze gushinga imizi.

Xinwanda yatangaje ku mugaragaro ku nshuro ya mbere irambuye iterambere rya bateri zose zikora muri Nyakanga uyu mwaka. Xinwanda yavuze ko binyuze mu guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga, yiteze kugabanya ikiguzi cya bateri zikora muri polymer kikagera kuri yuan 2 kuri Wh mu 2026, hafi y'ikiguzi cya bateri gakondo za lithium-ion. Bateganya kugera ku musaruro mwinshi wa bateri zose zikora muri 2030.

Mu gusoza, amasosiyete icumi ya mbere ku isi ya lithium-ion arimo gukora bateri za solid-state kandi atera imbere cyane muri uru rwego. CATL iyoboye itsinda ryayo yibanda ku bikoresho bya solid-state na sulfide, igamije ingufu zingana na 500 Wh / kg. Andi masosiyete nka BYD, LG Energy Solution, SK Innovation, Samsung SDI, Panasonic, CALB, EVE Energy, Guoxuan High-Tech, na Xinwanda nayo afite gahunda zayo z'ikoranabuhanga n'igihe cyo guteza imbere bateri za solid-state. Isiganwa ry'amabateri ya solid-state rirakomeje, kandi aya masosiyete arimo guharanira kugera ku bucuruzi no gukora ku bwinshi mu myaka iri imbere. Iterambere rishimishije n'iterambere ryitezweho kuzahindura inganda zo kubika ingufu no gutuma bateri za solid-state zikoreshwa cyane.