Zaposachedwa Pamabatire Olimba a State ndi Makampani 10 Apamwamba Padziko Lonse Lithium-ion Companies

Mu 2024, mpikisano wapadziko lonse lapansi wamabatire amagetsi wayamba kuchitika. Zambiri zapagulu zomwe zidatulutsidwa pa Julayi 2 zikuwonetsa kuti kuyika kwa batire yamagetsi padziko lonse lapansi kudafika pa 285.4 GWh kuyambira Januware mpaka Meyi chaka chino, zomwe zikuwonetsa kukula kwa 23% pachaka.

Makampani khumi apamwamba omwe ali pamndandandawu ndi: CATL, BYD, LG Energy Solution, SK Innovation, Samsung SDI, Panasonic, CALB, EVE Energy, Guoxuan High-Tech, ndi Xinwanda. Makampani a mabatire aku China akupitilizabe kukhala ndi maudindo asanu ndi limodzi mwa khumi apamwamba.

Mwa iwo, kuyika kwa batri yamphamvu ya CATL kudafika 107 GWh, kuwerengera 37.5% yamsika, kupeza malo otsogola ndi mwayi wokwanira. CATL ndiyenso kampani yokhayo padziko lonse lapansi yopitilira 100 GWh yakukhazikitsa. Kuyika kwa batri yamphamvu ya BYD kudafikira 44.9 GWh, kukhala yachiwiri ndi gawo la msika la 15.7%, lomwe lidakwera ndi 2 peresenti poyerekeza ndi miyezi iwiri yapitayi. M'munda wa mabatire olimba, mapu aukadaulo a CATL amadalira makamaka kuphatikiza kwa zinthu zolimba-state ndi sulfide, ndicholinga chofuna kupeza mphamvu zochulukirapo za 500 Wh/kg. Pakadali pano, CATL ikupitilizabe kugulitsa mabatire olimba kwambiri ndipo ikuyembekeza kukwaniritsa kupanga pang'ono pofika 2027.

Ponena za BYD, magwero amsika akuwonetsa kuti atha kutengera njira yaukadaulo yokhala ndi ma cathodes apamwamba a nickel ternary (single crystal), silicon-based anodes (kukulitsa kochepa), ndi ma electrolyte a sulfide (composite halides). Kuchuluka kwa selo kumatha kupitirira 60 Ah, ndi mphamvu yochuluka ya 400 Wh/kg ndi mphamvu ya volumetric ya 800 Wh/L. Kuchulukana kwamphamvu kwa paketi ya batri, yomwe imalimbana ndi kubowola kapena kutentha, imatha kupitilira 280 Wh/kg. Nthawi yopanga zinthu zambiri imakhala yofanana ndi msika, ndikupanga pang'ono pofika 2027 komanso kukwezedwa kwa msika pofika 2030.

LG Energy Solution m'mbuyomu idawonetsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa mabatire a oxide-based solid-state pofika chaka cha 2028 ndi sulfide-based solid-state mabatire pofika chaka cha 2030. Kusintha kwaposachedwa kukuwonetsa kuti LG Energy Solution ikufuna kugulitsa ukadaulo wa batri wowuma isanafike 2028, zomwe zingachepetse mtengo wopangira batire ndi 17% -30%.

SK Innovation ikukonzekera kumaliza kupanga mabatire a polymer oxide composite solid-state ndi sulfide solid-state mabatire pofika chaka cha 2026, ndi mafakitale omwe amayang'ana 2028. Pakalipano, akukhazikitsa malo opangira kafukufuku wa batri ku Daejeon, Chungcheongnam-do.

Samsung SDI posachedwapa yalengeza ndondomeko yake yoyambira kupanga mabatire olimba kwambiri mu 2027. Chigawo cha batri chomwe akugwira ntchito chidzakwaniritsa mphamvu ya mphamvu ya 900 Wh / L ndikukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 20, zomwe zimathandiza 80% kulipira mu maminiti a 9.

Panasonic idagwirizana ndi Toyota mu 2019, ndicholinga chosintha mabatire olimba kuchokera kugawo loyesera kupita kumakampani. Makampani awiriwa adakhazikitsanso bizinesi yolimba ya batri yotchedwa Prime Planet Energy & Solutions Inc. Komabe, sipanakhalepo zosintha zina pakalipano. Komabe, Panasonic m'mbuyomu adalengeza mapulani mu 2023 kuti ayambe kupanga mabatire olimba chaka cha 2029 chisanafike, makamaka kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto apamlengalenga osayendetsedwa.

Pali nkhani zochepa zaposachedwa zokhudzana ndi kupita patsogolo kwa CALB pankhani ya mabatire olimba. M'chigawo chachinayi cha chaka chatha, CALB inanena pamsonkhano wapadziko lonse lapansi kuti mabatire awo a semi-solid-state adzayikidwa mu magalimoto apamwamba amtundu wakunja m'gawo lachinayi la 2024. Mabatirewa amatha kufika pamtunda wa 500 km ndi mtengo wa mphindi 10, ndipo kutalika kwawo kumatha kufika 1000 km.

Wachiwiri kwa Director wa EVE Energy wa Central Research Institute, a Zhao Ruirui, adawulula zomwe zachitika posachedwa pamabatire olimba mu June chaka chino. Akuti EVE Energy ikutsatira njira yaukadaulo yomwe imaphatikiza ma electrolyte a sulfide ndi halide solid-state. Akukonzekera kukhazikitsa mabatire olimba mu 2026, poyambira amayang'ana magalimoto amagetsi osakanizidwa.

Guoxuan High-Tech yatulutsa kale "Jinshi Battery," batire lathunthu lolimba lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito ma electrolyte a sulfide. Imakhala ndi mphamvu zochulukirapo mpaka 350 Wh/kg, kupitilira mabatire apakati ndi 40%. Ndi mphamvu yopangira gawo lolimba la 2 GWh, Guoxuan High-Tech ikufuna kuyesa pang'onopang'ono pagalimoto ya Battery ya Jinshi yokhazikika mu 2027, ndi cholinga chokwaniritsa kupanga kwakukulu pofika 2030 pomwe unyolo wa mafakitale ukhazikika bwino.

Xinwanda adawulula mwatsatanetsatane momwe akuyendera mu Julayi chaka chino. Xinwanda adati kudzera muukadaulo waukadaulo, akuyembekeza kuchepetsa mtengo wa mabatire olimba a polima kukhala 2 yuan/Wh pofika 2026, zomwe zili pafupi ndi mtengo wamabatire amtundu wa lithiamu-ion. Akukonzekera kuti akwaniritse kupanga mabatire ambiri olimba pofika 2030.

Pomaliza, makampani khumi apamwamba padziko lonse lapansi a lithiamu-ion akupanga mwachangu mabatire a boma ndipo akupita patsogolo kwambiri pantchitoyi. CATL imatsogolera paketiyo ndikuyang'ana kwambiri pazida zolimba komanso za sulfide, zomwe zimayang'ana mphamvu za 500 Wh/kg. Makampani ena monga BYD, LG Energy Solution, SK Innovation, Samsung SDI, Panasonic, CALB, EVE Energy, Guoxuan High-Tech, ndi Xinwanda alinso ndi misewu yawo yaukadaulo komanso nthawi yopangira mabatire olimba. Mpikisano wamabatire olimba-boma ukuchitika, ndipo makampaniwa akuyesetsa kuti akwaniritse malonda ndi kupanga zochuluka m'zaka zikubwerazi. Kupita patsogolo kosangalatsa ndi zopambana zikuyembekezeredwa kusintha makampani osungira mphamvu ndikuyendetsa kufalikira kwa mabatire a boma.