Nā Hoʻomohala Hou loa i nā Bateri Solid-State e ka Top 10 Global Lithium-ion Companies

I ka makahiki 2024, ua hoʻomaka ke ʻano o ka hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū honua no nā pihi mana. Hōʻike ʻia nā ʻikepili lehulehu i ka lā 2 Iulai ua hōʻea ka hoʻokomo ʻana o ka pā uila i ka nui o 285.4 GWh mai Ianuali a Mei i kēia makahiki, e hōʻailona ana i ka ulu ʻana o 23% makahiki-ma-makahiki.

ʻO nā ʻoihana he ʻumi ma ka papa helu: CATL, BYD, LG Energy Solution, SK Innovation, Samsung SDI, Panasonic, CALB, EVE Energy, Guoxuan High-Tech, a me Xinwanda. Ke hoʻomau nei nā ʻoihana pākahi Kina e noho i ʻeono o nā kūlana ʻumi kiʻekiʻe.

Ma waena o lākou, hiki i ka 107 GWh ka hoʻokomo ʻana o ka pā uila mana o CATL, e helu ana no 37.5% o ka māhele mākeke, e mālama ana i ke kūlana alakaʻi me kahi pono kūpono. ʻO CATL wale nō ka hui honua i ʻoi aku ma mua o 100 GWh o nā mea hoʻokomo. He 44.9 GWh ka nui o ka hoʻokomo ʻana o ka pā uila mana o BYD, ka lua me ka māhele mākeke o 15.7%, i hoʻonui ʻia e 2 mau pākēneka i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā mahina ʻelua i hala. Ma ke kahua o nā ʻāpana ʻāina paʻa, hilinaʻi nui ka palapala alanui ʻenehana o CATL i ka hui pū ʻana o nā mea paʻa a me nā mea sulfide, e manaʻo ana e hoʻokō i ka ikehu ikehu o 500 Wh/kg. I kēia manawa, ke hoʻomau nei ʻo CATL i ka hoʻopukapuka ʻana i ke kahua o nā ʻāpana ʻāina paʻa a ke manaʻo nei e hoʻokō i ka hana liʻiliʻi ma 2027.

E like me BYD, hōʻike nā kumu mākeke hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohana i kahi palapala alanui ʻenehana i loaʻa nā cathodes kiʻekiʻe-nickel ternary (single crystal) cathodes, anodes-based anodes (haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa), a me nā electrolytes sulfide (composite halides). Hiki i ke kelepona ke oi aku ma mua o 60 Ah, me ka nui o ka ikehu kiko o 400 Wh/kg a me ka ikehu volumetric o 800 Wh/L. Hiki ke ʻoi aku ma mua o 280 Wh/kg ka nui o ka ikehu o ka pā pākaukau, ʻaʻole i kū i ka puncture a i ʻole ka wela. ʻO ka manawa o ka hana nui e like me ka mākeke, me ka hana liʻiliʻi i manaʻo ʻia e 2027 a me ka hoʻolaha mākeke e 2030.

Ua hoʻomaka mua ʻo LG Energy Solution i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā ʻenekini paʻa paʻa i ka oxide e 2028 a me nā ʻāpana paʻa paʻa sulfide e 2030. Hōʻike ka mea hou loa e manaʻo ana ʻo LG Energy Solution e kūʻai aku i ka ʻenehana ʻenehana pale maloʻo ma mua o 2028, hiki ke hōʻemi i nā kumukūʻai hana pākaukau e 17% -30%.

Hoʻolālā ʻo SK Innovation e hoʻopau i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā ʻōhua polymer oxide composite solid-state a me sulfide solid-state batteries i ka makahiki 2026, me ka hoʻolālā ʻana i manaʻo ʻia no 2028. I kēia manawa, ke kūkulu nei lākou i kahi kikowaena noiʻi pākaukau ma Daejeon, Chungcheongnam-do.

Ua hoʻolaha koke aku ʻo Samsung SDI i kāna hoʻolālā e hoʻomaka i ka hana nui ʻana i nā ʻōhua paʻa paʻa i ka makahiki 2027. ʻO ka ʻāpana pākaukau a lākou e hana nei e loaʻa i ka ikehu ikehu o 900 Wh/L a loaʻa iā ia ke ola a hiki i 20 mau makahiki, e hiki ai i ka 80% ke hoʻouka ʻia i 9 mau minuke.

Ua hui pū ʻo Panasonic me Toyota i ka makahiki 2019, e manaʻo ana e hoʻololi i nā ʻōhua mokuʻāina paʻa mai ka pae hoʻokolohua i ka ʻoihana. Ua hoʻokumu pū nā hui ʻelua i kahi ʻoihana pākaukau paʻa i kapa ʻia ʻo Prime Planet Energy & Solutions Inc. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻohe mea hou i kēia manawa. Eia nō naʻe, ua hoʻolaha mua ʻo Panasonic i nā hoʻolālā ma 2023 e hoʻomaka i ka hana pākaukau paʻa ma mua o 2029, ka mea nui no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kaʻa mokulele unmanned.

He liʻiliʻi nā nūhou hou e pili ana i ka holomua o CALB ma ke kahua o nā ʻōhua paʻa. I ka hapaha ʻehā o ka makahiki i hala, ua ʻōlelo ʻo CALB ma kahi hālāwai kūkā hoa honua e hoʻokomo ʻia kā lākou mau ʻāpana semi-solid-state i nā kaʻa o nā ʻāina ʻē i ka hapaha ʻehā o 2024. Hiki i kēia mau pila ke hoʻokō i kahi ākea 500 km me ka 10 mau minuke, a hiki i ko lākou palena kiʻekiʻe ke hiki i 1000 km.

Ua hōʻike aku ka Hope Luna Hoʻokele o EVE Energy o ka Central Research Institute, ʻo Zhao Ruirui, i nā mea hou i hoʻomohala ʻia i nā ʻōhua paʻa paʻa i Iune o kēia makahiki. Ua hōʻike ʻia e ʻimi nei ʻo EVE Energy i kahi palapala alanui ʻenehana e hoʻopili ai i ka sulfide a me ka halide solid-state electrolytes. Hoʻolālā lākou e hoʻokuʻu i nā ʻōhua paʻa paʻa piha i 2026, e kālele mua ana i nā kaʻa uila hybrid.

Ua hoʻokuʻu mua ʻo Guoxuan High-Tech i ka "Jinshi Battery," kahi pākaukau paʻa paʻa piha e hoʻohana ana i nā electrolytes sulfide. Hāʻawi ia i ka ikehu ikehu a hiki i 350 Wh/kg, ʻoi aku ma mua o 40%. Me ka mana hana semi-solid-state o 2 GWh, manaʻo ʻo Guoxuan High-Tech e hana i nā hoʻokolohua liʻiliʻi ma luna o nā kaʻa o ka pahu paʻa piha ʻo Jinshi Battery i 2027, me ka pahuhopu e hoʻokō i ka hana nui ma 2030 i ka wā i hoʻokumu maikaʻi ʻia ai ke kaulahao ʻoihana.

Ua hana ʻo Xinwanda i kāna hōʻike mua ʻana i ka lehulehu no ka holomua ʻana i loko o nā pihi paʻa paʻa piha i Iulai o kēia makahiki. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Xinwanda, ma o ka ʻenehana ʻenehana, manaʻo ʻo ia e hōʻemi i ke kumukūʻai o nā pāpaʻi solid-state polymer i 2 yuan/Wh e 2026, kahi kokoke i ke kumu kūʻai o nā pākahi lithium-ion kuʻuna. Hoʻolālā lākou e hoʻokō i ka hana nui ʻana o nā ʻōhua paʻa paʻa piha e 2030.

I ka hopena, ʻo nā ʻoihana lithium-ion honua he ʻumi e hoʻomohala ikaika nei i nā ʻoihana paʻa a me ka holomua nui i kēia kahua. Ke alakaʻi nei ʻo CATL i ka pūʻulu me ka nānā ʻana i nā mea paʻa-ʻāina a me nā mea sulfide, e manaʻo ana i ka nui o ka ikehu o 500 Wh/kg. ʻO nā hui ʻē aʻe e like me BYD, LG Energy Solution, SK Innovation, Samsung SDI, Panasonic, CALB, EVE Energy, Guoxuan High-Tech, a me Xinwanda i loaʻa i kā lākou mau palapala alanui ʻenehana a me nā manawa no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka pākaukau. Ke hoʻomaka nei ka heihei no nā ʻōhua paʻa, a ke hoʻoikaika nei kēia mau ʻoihana e hoʻokō i ke kālepa a me ka hana nui i nā makahiki e hiki mai ana. Manaʻo ʻia nā holomua hoihoi a me nā holomua e hoʻololi i ka ʻoihana mālama ʻana i ka ikehu a alakaʻi i ka hoʻohana nui ʻana o nā ʻoihana paʻa.