Ua piʻi ikaika ka inverter Kina ma ka mākeke honua

Ma ke ʻano he hoʻokahi o nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o ka ʻōnaehana photovoltaic, ʻaʻole wale ka hana hoʻololi DC/AC o ka inverter photovoltaic, akā he hana hoʻi ia e hoʻonui ai i ka hana o ke kelepona solar a me ka hana pale hewa o ka ʻōnaehana, kahi e pili pono ana i ka pono o ka hana mana o ka ʻōnaehana photovoltaic solar.

I ka makahiki 2003, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻo Sungrow Power, i alakaʻi ʻia e Cao Renxian, ke poʻo o ke koleke, i ka inverter photovoltaic 10kW mua loa o Kina me nā kuleana waiwai kūʻokoʻa. Akā a hiki i ka makahiki 2009, ua kakaikahi nā ʻoihana inverter i hana ʻia ma Kina, a ua hilinaʻi ka nui o nā lako i nā mea i lawe ʻia mai. Ua mahalo nui ʻia ka nui o nā hōʻailona ma waho e like me Emerson, SMA, Siemens, Schneider a me ABB.

I loko o nā makahiki he ʻumi i hala iho nei, ua piʻi ka ʻoihana inverter o Kina. I ka makahiki 2010, ua noho aliʻi ʻia nā inverters photovoltaic 10 kiʻekiʻe ma ka honua e nā hōʻailona ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika. Eia nō naʻe, i ka makahiki 2021, e like me ka ʻikepili kūlana o ka māhele mākeke inverter, ua kūlana nā ʻoihana inverter Kina ma waena o nā mea kiʻekiʻe ma ka honua.

I Iune 2022, ua paʻi ʻo IHS Markit, kahi ʻoihana noiʻi mana honua, i ka papa inoa kūlana mākeke inverter PV honua 2021. Ma kēia papa inoa, ua loli hou ke kūlana o nā ʻoihana inverter PV Kina.

Mai ka makahiki 2015, ʻo Sungrow Power lāua ʻo Huawei nā mea ʻelua kiʻekiʻe loa ma nā hoʻouna inverter PV honua. I ka hui pū ʻana, ʻoi aku lākou ma mua o 40% o ka mākeke inverter honua. ʻO ka ʻoihana Kelemania SMA, ka mea i manaʻo ʻia he pae hoʻohālikelike no nā ʻoihana inverter PV o Kina ma ka mōʻaukala, ua emi hou aʻe i ke kūlana o ka mākeke inverter honua i ka makahiki 2021, mai ke kolu a i ka lima. A ʻo Jinlang Technology, ka ʻehiku o ka hui inverter photovoltaic Kina i ka makahiki 2020, ua ʻoi aku ma mua o ka hui inverter kahiko a ua hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia i nā "hōkū piʻi" ʻekolu kiʻekiʻe loa ma ka honua.

Ua lilo nā ʻoihana inverter photovoltaic o Kina i ʻekolu mau mea kiʻekiʻe ma ka honua, e hoʻokumu ana i kahi hanauna hou o ke ʻano "tripod". Eia kekahi, ua hoʻolalelale nā ​​mea hana inverter i hōʻike ʻia e Jinlang, Guriwat lāua ʻo Goodway i ko lākou wikiwiki o ka hele ʻana i ke kai a ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ma ʻEulopa, ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻAmelika Latina a me nā mākeke ʻē aʻe; Ke pili mau nei nā mea hana ma waho e like me SMA, PE a me SolerEdge i nā mākeke ʻāina e like me ʻEulopa, ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me Brazil, akā ua emi nui ka māhele mākeke.

Piʻi wikiwiki

Ma mua o 2012, ma muli o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mākeke photovoltaic ma ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe a me ka hoʻonui mau ʻana o ka mana i hoʻokomo ʻia, ua noho aliʻi ʻia ka mākeke inverter photovoltaic e nā ʻoihana ʻEulopa. I kēlā manawa, ua helu ka ʻoihana inverter Kelemania SMA no 22% o ka māhele mākeke inverter honua. I loko o kēia wā, ua hoʻohana nā ʻoihana photovoltaic mua i hoʻokumu ʻia ma Kina i ke ʻano a hoʻomaka e puka mai ma ke kahua honua. Ma hope o 2011, ua hoʻomaka ka mākeke photovoltaic ma ʻEulopa e neʻe, a ua haki nā mākeke ma Australia a me ʻAmelika ʻĀkau. Ua hahai koke pū nā ʻoihana inverter kūloko. Ua hōʻike ʻia i ka makahiki 2012, ua helu nā ʻoihana inverter Kina ma mua o 50% o ka māhele mākeke ma Australia me ka pono o ka hana kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe.

Mai ka makahiki 2013, ua hoʻopuka ke aupuni Kina i kahi kulekele kumukūʻai uila maʻamau, a ua hoʻomaka ʻia nā papahana kūloko ma ke ʻano he "hoʻohuli pālua" o ka mākeke photovoltaic o Kina i ke ala wikiwiki o ka hoʻomohala ʻana, a ua pani mālie iā ʻEulopa ma ke ʻano he mākeke nui loa no ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka photovoltaic ma ka honua. Ma kēia ʻano, ua nele ka lako o nā inverters kikowaena, a ua kokoke ka māhele mākeke i ka 90%. I kēia manawa, ua hoʻoholo ʻo Huawei e komo i ka mākeke me kahi inverter moʻo, hiki ke manaʻo ʻia he "hoʻohuli pālua" o ka mākeke Kai ʻUlaʻula a me nā huahana nui.

ʻO ke komo ʻana o Huawei i ke kahua o nā inverters photovoltaic, ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, ua kālele ʻia i nā manaʻolana hoʻomohala ākea o ka ʻoihana photovoltaic. I ka manawa like, ua like ka hana ʻana o ka inverter me ka ʻoihana lako kamaʻilio "panakō kahiko" a Huawei a me ka ʻoihana hoʻokele mana. Hiki iā ia ke kope koke i nā pono o ka ʻenehana neʻe a me ke kaulahao lako, lawe mai i nā mea hoʻolako e kū nei, hoʻemi nui i ke kumukūʻai o ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ke kūʻai ʻana o ka inverter, a hana koke i nā pono.

I ka makahiki 2015, ua kūlana mua ʻo Huawei ma ka mākeke inverter PV honua, a ua ʻoi aku hoʻi ʻo Sungrow Power ma mua o SMA no ka manawa mua. I kēia manawa, ua lanakila hope ka inverter photovoltaic o Kina i nā kūlana ʻelua kiʻekiʻe o ka honua a ua hoʻopau i kahi pāʻani "inverter".

Mai 2015 a 2018, ua hoʻomau ka piʻi ʻana o nā mea hana inverter PV kūloko, a ua noho koke i ka mākeke me nā pono kumukūʻai. Ua hoʻomau ka hopena o ka māhele mākeke o nā mea hana inverter brand kahiko o waho. Ma ke kahua o ka mana liʻiliʻi, hiki iā SolarEdge, Enphase a me nā mea hana inverter kiʻekiʻe ʻē aʻe ke noho i kahi māhele mākeke ma muli o kā lākou brand a me nā pono o ke kahawai, ʻoiai ma ka mākeke o nā kikowaena mana photovoltaic nui me ka hoʻokūkū kumukūʻai ikaika, ke emi nei ka māhele mākeke o nā mea hana inverter ʻEulopa a me Kepani kahiko e like me SMA, ABB, Schneider, TMEIC, Omron a pēlā aku.

Ma hope o 2018, ua hoʻomaka kekahi mau mea hana inverter ma waho e haʻalele i ka ʻoihana inverter PV. No nā pilikua uila nui, he hapa liʻiliʻi ka hapa o nā inverters photovoltaic i kā lākou ʻoihana. Ua haʻalele pū ʻo ABB, Schneider a me nā mea hana inverter ʻē aʻe mai ka ʻoihana inverter.

Ua hoʻomaka nā mea hana inverter Kina e hoʻolalelale i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā mākeke ma waho. Ma Iulai 27, 2018, ua hoʻohana ʻo Sungrow Power i kahi kahua hana inverter me ka hiki ke hiki i ka 3GW ma India. A laila, ma ʻAukake 27, ua hoʻokumu ʻo ia i kahi kikowaena lawelawe piha kūloko ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa e hoʻoikaika i ka waihona kūʻai ma waho a me nā hiki lawelawe ma hope o ke kūʻai aku. I ka manawa like, ua piʻi hou aku ʻo Huawei, Shangneng, Guriwat, Jinlang, Goodway a me nā mea hana ʻē aʻe e hoʻopaʻa a hoʻonui i kā lākou hoʻonohonoho ma waho. I ka manawa like, ua hoʻomaka nā lama e like me Sanjing Electric, Shouhang New Energy a me Mosuo Power e ʻimi i nā manawa hou ma waho.

Ma muli o ke ʻano o ka mākeke ma waho, ua hōʻea nā ʻoihana brand a me nā mea kūʻai aku ma ka mākeke o kēia manawa i kahi kaulike ma waena o ka lako a me ke koi, a ua paʻa pū ke ʻano o ka mākeke honua. Eia nō naʻe, ke hele nei kekahi mau mākeke e kū mai ana i ke ala o ka hoʻomohala ikaika a hiki ke ʻimi i kekahi mau holomua. ʻO ka hoʻomohala mau ʻana o nā mākeke e kū mai ana ma waho e lawe mai i ka ikaika hou i nā ʻoihana inverter Kina.

Mai ka makahiki 2016, ua noho nā mea hana inverter Kina i ke kūlana alakaʻi ma ka mākeke inverter photovoltaic o ka honua. ʻO nā kumu pālua o ka hana hou ʻenehana a me ka hoʻohana nui ʻana i hoʻokele i ka emi wikiwiki ʻana o ke kumukūʻai o nā loulou āpau o ke kaulahao ʻoihana PV, a ua hāʻule ke kumukūʻai o ka ʻōnaehana PV ma mua o 90% i loko o 10 mau makahiki. Ma ke ʻano he lako koʻikoʻi o ka ʻōnaehana PV, ua emi mālie ke kumukūʻai o ka inverter PV no kēlā me kēia watt i nā makahiki 10 i hala, mai ka ʻoi aku o 1 yuan/W i ke kahua mua a i kahi o 0.1 ~ 0.2 yuan/W i ka makahiki 2021, a i kahi o 1/10 o kēlā 10 mau makahiki i hala.

Hoʻolalelale i ka māhele ʻana

I ke kahua mua o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka photovoltaic, ua kālele nā ​​​​mea hana inverter i ka hoʻemi ʻana i ke kumukūʻai o nā lako, ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nānā ʻana i ka mana kiʻekiʻe loa, a me ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ikehu ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. Me ka hoʻomohala mau ʻana o ka ʻenehana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka noi ʻōnaehana, ua hoʻohui ka inverter i nā hana hou aʻe, e like me ka pale ʻana a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o ka ʻāpana PID, ka hoʻohui ʻana me ke kākoʻo hahai, ka ʻōnaehana hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me nā lako peripheral ʻē aʻe, e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana o ke kikowaena mana photovoltaic holoʻokoʻa a hōʻoia i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka loaʻa kālā o ka hana mana.

I nā makahiki he ʻumi i hala iho nei, ua piʻi aʻe nā hiʻohiʻona noi o nā inverters, a pono lākou e kū i nā ʻano ʻāina paʻakikī like ʻole a me nā ʻano ʻino loa, e like me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana o ka wao nahele, ka haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe ma kahakai a me ka noe paʻakai kiʻekiʻe. Ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, pono ka inverter e hoʻokō i kāna mau pono hoʻoheheʻe wela ponoʻī, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, pono ia e hoʻomaikaʻi i kona pae pale e kū ai i ke kaiapuni ʻino, kahi e kau nei i nā koi kiʻekiʻe no ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka inverter a me ka ʻenehana mea.

Ma lalo o ke kua o nā koi kiʻekiʻe no ka maikaʻi o ka hana mana a me ka pono mai nā mea hoʻomohala, ke ulu nei ka ʻoihana inverter photovoltaic i ka hilinaʻi kiʻekiʻe, ka pono hoʻololi a me ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa.

Ua lawe mai ka hoʻokūkū mākeke ikaika i ka hoʻonui mau ʻana i ka ʻenehana. I ka makahiki 2010 a i ʻole, ʻo ke ʻano kaapuni nui o ka inverter PV he kaapuni ʻelua pae, me ka pono hoʻololi ma kahi o 97%. I kēia lā, ʻo ka pono kiʻekiʻe loa o nā inverters o nā mea hana nui ma ka honua ua ʻoi aku ma mua o 99%, a ʻo ka pahuhopu aʻe he 99.5%. I ka hapa lua o 2020, ua hoʻokuʻu nā modula photovoltaic i nā modula mana kiʻekiʻe e pili ana i nā nui o ka chip silicon 182mm a me 210mm. I loko o ka hapalua makahiki, ua hahai koke kekahi mau ʻoihana e like me Huawei, Sungrow Power, TBEA, Kehua Digital Energy, Hewang, Guriwat, a me Jinlang Technology a hoʻokuʻu mau i nā inverters moʻo mana kiʻekiʻe e kūlike me lākou.

Wahi a ka ʻikepili o ka Hui ʻOihana Photovoltaic Kina, i kēia manawa, ke noho aliʻi nei ka mākeke inverter PV kūloko e ka inverter kaula a me ka inverter kikowaena, ʻoiai ʻo nā inverter micro a me nā mea i hoʻolaha ʻia he hapa liʻiliʻi. Me ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana o ka mākeke photovoltaic i hoʻolaha ʻia a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka hapa o nā inverter kaula ma nā kikowaena mana photovoltaic kikowaena, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka hapa holoʻokoʻa o nā inverter kaula i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻoi aku ma mua o 60% i ka makahiki 2020, ʻoiai ʻo ka hapa o nā inverter kikowaena he emi ma mua o 30%. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, me ka hoʻohana nui ʻana o nā inverter moʻo ma nā kikowaena mana honua nui, e hoʻonui hou ʻia kā lākou mākeke.

Mai ka manaʻo o ke ʻano o ka mākeke inverter, hōʻike ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā mea hana like ʻole ua piha ka lako mana solar a me nā huahana SMA, a aia nā ʻoihana inverter kikowaena a me nā ʻoihana inverter series. Hoʻohana nui ʻo Power Electronics lāua ʻo Shangneng Electric i nā inverters kikowaena. Hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Huawei, SolarEdge, Jinlang Technology a me Goodway ma nā inverters string, ʻo ia hoʻi nā huahana Huawei he mau inverters string nui no nā kikowaena mana honua nui a me nā ʻōnaehana photovoltaic ʻoihana a me nā ʻoihana, ʻoiai ʻo nā mea hope ʻekolu no ka mākeke home. Hoʻohana nui ʻo Emphase, Hemai lāua ʻo Yuneng Technology i nā inverters micro.

Ma ka mākeke honua, ʻo nā inverters series a me centralized nā ʻano nui. Ma Kina, ua paʻa ka māhele mākeke o ka inverter centralized a me ka inverter series ma mua o 90%.

I ka wā e hiki mai ana, e ʻokoʻa ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā inverters. Ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, ua ʻokoʻa nā ʻano noi o nā kikowaena mana photovoltaic, a ke piʻi nei nā noi like ʻole e like me ka wao nahele, ke kai, ka hale i hoʻolaha ʻia, a me BIPV, me nā koi like ʻole no nā inverters. Ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, ʻo ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki ʻana o nā mea uila mana, nā ʻāpana a me nā ʻenehana hou ʻē aʻe, a me ka hoʻohui ʻana me AI, ka ʻikepili nui, ka Pūnaewele a me nā ʻenehana ʻē aʻe, e hoʻokele pū ana i ka holomua mau o ka ʻoihana inverter. Ke ulu nei ka inverter i ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, ka pae mana kiʻekiʻe, ke kiʻekiʻe o ka voltage DC, ʻoi aku ka naʻauao, ka palekana, ka ikaika o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke kaiapuni, a me ka hana a me ka mālama ʻana.

Eia kekahi, me ka hoʻohana nui ʻana o ka ikehu hou i ka honua, ke piʻi nei ka nui o ka komo ʻana o ka PV, a pono ka inverter e loaʻa ka mana kākoʻo grid ikaika e hoʻokō i nā koi o ka hana paʻa a me ka pane wikiwiki ʻana o ka grid au nāwaliwali. ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka mālama optical, ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka mālama optical a me ka hoʻouka ʻana, ka hana hydrogen photovoltaic a me nā noi hou a hoʻohui ʻia e lilo mālie i ala koʻikoʻi, a e hoʻokipa ka inverter i kahi ākea hoʻomohala nui aʻe.