Indawo yokugcina amandla entsha yaseShayina izoletha isikhathi samathuba amakhulu entuthuko

Ekupheleni kuka-2022, amandla afakiwe amandla avuselelekayo eShayina afinyelele kuma-kilowatts ayizigidigidi eziyi-1.213, okungaphezu kwamandla kagesi amalahle afakiwe kazwelonke, okwenza u-47.3% wamandla onke afakiwe okukhiqiza ugesi ezweni. Amandla okukhiqiza ugesi waminyaka yonke angaphezu kwama-kilowatts-hours ayizigidigidi eziyi-2700, okwenza u-31.6% wamandla okusetshenziswa komphakathi, okulingana nokusetshenziswa kukagesi kwe-EU ngo-2021. Inkinga yokulawula uhlelo lonke lwamandla izobonakala kakhulu, ngakho-ke indawo yokugcina amandla entsha izoletha isikhathi samathuba amakhulu entuthuko!

UNobhala Jikelele ukhombe ukuthi ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla amasha nahlanzekile kufanele kunikezwe isikhundla esivelele kakhulu. Ngo-2022, ngokujula koguquko lwamandla, ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo eShayina kwathola intuthuko entsha, futhi amandla afakiwe aphelele amandla amalahle ezweni adlule ngokomlando amandla afakiwe kazwelonke, angena esigabeni esisha sokuthuthukiswa kwe-leapfrog okusezingeni eliphezulu okukhulu.

Ekuqaleni koMkhosi waseNtwasahlobo, kufakwe amandla kagesi amaningi ahlanzekile kuNational Power Network. EMfuleni iJinsha, wonke amayunithi angu-16 eBaihetan Hydropower Station ayaqaliswa ukusebenza, akhiqiza amahora angaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-100 zama-kilowatt kagesi nsuku zonke. E-Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, kunezi-kilowatts ezingu-700000 zama-PV ezifakwe eDelingha National Large Wind Power PV Base ukuze kukhiqizwe ugesi oxhunywe kugridi. Eduze kweTengger Desert, ama-turbine omoya angu-60 asanda kufakwa ekukhiqizweni aqala ukujikeleza ngokumelene nomoya, futhi uguquko ngalunye lungakhiqiza ama-degrees angu-480 kagesi.

Ngo-2022, amandla amasha afakiwe amandla avuselelekayo njengogesi wamanzi, amandla omoya kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic ezweni kuzofinyelela irekhodi elisha, okubalwa u-76% wamandla amasha afakiwe okukhiqizwa kwamandla ezweni, futhi kube yisakhiwo esiyinhloko samandla amasha afakiwe okukhiqizwa kwamandla eShayina. Ekupheleni kuka-2022, amandla afakiwe amandla avuselelekayo eShayina afinyelele ku-1.213 billion kilowatts, okungaphezu kwamandla kagesi amalahle afakiwe kazwelonke, okubalwa u-47.3% wamandla onke okukhiqizwa kwamandla afakiwe ezweni. Amandla okukhiqizwa kwamandla ngonyaka angaphezu kwama-kilowatt-hours ayizigidigidi ezingu-2700, okubalwa u-31.6% wamandla okusetshenziswa komphakathi, okulingana nokusetshenziswa kukagesi kwe-EU ngo-2021.

ULi Chuangjun, uMqondisi woMnyango Wezamandla Amasha Namandla Avuselelekayo we-National Energy Administration, uthe: Njengamanje, amandla avuselelekayo aseShayina abonise izici ezintsha zentuthuko enkulu, enesilinganiso esiphezulu, egxile emakethe kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu. Amandla emakethe akhululwe ngokugcwele. Intuthuko yezimboni ihole umhlaba futhi ingene esigabeni esisha sentuthuko esezingeni eliphezulu.
Namuhla, kusukela ehlane laseGobi kuya olwandle oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kusukela ophahleni lomhlaba kuya emathafeni amakhulu, amandla avuselelekayo abonisa amandla amakhulu. Iziteshi zamandla kagesi amakhulu kakhulu njengeXiangjiaba, iXiluodu, iWudongde kanye neBaihetan seziqalile ukusebenza, kanti izisekelo eziningi zamandla omoya kanye ne-photovoltaic zama-kilowatts ayizigidi eziyi-10 seziqediwe futhi zaqala ukusebenza, okuhlanganisa iJiuquan, iGansu, iHami, iXinjiang kanye neZhangjiakou, iHebei.

Umthamo ofakiwe wamandla kagesi angaphansi kwamanzi, amandla omoya, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi we-photovoltaic kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamandla e-biomass eShayina ube ngowokuqala emhlabeni iminyaka eminingi ilandelana. Izingxenye ezibalulekile ezifana namamojula e-photovoltaic, ama-wind turbine kanye namabhokisi egiya akhiqizwa eShayina zibiza u-70% wesabelo semakethe yomhlaba wonke. Ngo-2022, imishini eyenziwe eShayina izonikela ngaphezu kuka-40% wokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwamandla avuselelekayo emhlabeni jikelele. IShayina isibe ngumhlanganyeli osebenzayo kanye nomnikeli obalulekile ekuphenduleni komhlaba wonke ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu.

U-Yi Yuechun, iPhini likaMongameli oPhethe we-General Institute of Hydropower Planning and Design: Umbiko we-20th National Congress yeQembu lamaKhomanisi laseShayina uphakamise ukukhuthaza ngenkuthalo nangokuqhubekayo ukuphakama kwekhabhoni kanye nokungafaki ikhabhoni, okubeka phambili izidingo eziphakeme zokuthuthukiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo. Akufanele nje sithuthukise ngezinga elikhulu, kodwa futhi sisebenzise ezingeni eliphezulu. Kufanele futhi siqinisekise ukuhlinzekwa kukagesi okuthembekile nokuzinzile futhi sisheshise ukuhlela nokwakhiwa kohlelo olusha lwamandla.

Njengamanje, iShayina ikhuthaza ngokugcwele ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo okunekhwalithi ephezulu, igxile ogwadule, eGobi nasezindaweni zasehlane, futhi isheshisa ukwakhiwa kwezisekelo zamandla ezintsha emazwekazini ayisikhombisa, okuhlanganisa izindawo eziphezulu zoMfula iYellow, iHexi Corridor, izindawo "eziningana" ezigobile zoMfula iYellow, kanye neXinjiang, kanye nezisekelo ezimbili ezinkulu ezihlanganisiwe zamanzi kanye namaqoqo esisekelo samandla omoya asogwini eningizimu-mpumalanga yeTibet, eSichuan, eYunnan, eGuizhou naseGuangxi.

Ukuze kuqhutshwe amandla omoya olwandle olujulile, ipulatifomu yokuqala yamandla omoya entantayo eShayina, i-“CNOOC Mission Hills”, enobubanzi bamanzi obungaphezu kwamamitha ayi-100 kanye nebanga elingaphezu kwamakhilomitha ayi-100 ogwini lolwandle, iyaqala ukusebenza ngokushesha futhi kuhlelwe ukuthi iqale ukusebenza ngokugcwele ngoJuni kulo nyaka.

Ukuze kuthathwe amandla amasha ngezinga elikhulu, e-Ulanqab, e-Inner Mongolia, amapulatifomu okuqinisekisa ubuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla ayisikhombisa, okuhlanganisa amabhethri e-lithium-ion aqinile, amabhethri e-sodium-ion kanye nesitoreji samandla se-flywheel, asheshisa ucwaningo nentuthuko.

USun Changping, umongameli we-Research Institute of Science and Technology of the Three Gorges Group, uthe: Sizokhuthaza lobu buchwepheshe obusha bokugcina amandla obufanele nobuphephile ekuthuthukisweni okukhulu kwamaphrojekthi amasha amandla, ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla okumunca kokuxhumeka kwegridi entsha yamandla kanye nezinga lokusebenza okuphephile kwegridi yamandla.

I-National Energy Administration ibikezela ukuthi ngo-2025, ukukhiqizwa kukagesi ngomoya kanye nelanga eShayina kuzophindeka kabili kusukela ngo-2020, futhi ngaphezu kuka-80% wokusetshenziswa kukagesi okusha komphakathi wonke kuzokhiqizwa ngamandla avuselelekayo.