Indawo yokugcina amandla yaseShayina izongenisa isikhathi samathuba amahle entuthuko

Ekupheleni konyaka wezi-2022, umthamo wamandla avuselelekayo afakiwe eShayina usufinyelele kuma-kilowatts ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.213, okungaphezu kwamandla amalahle afakiwe kazwelonke, okubalelwa ku-47.3% yenani eliphelele elifakiwe lokuphehlwa kukagesi ezweni. Umthamo wonyaka wokukhiqiza amandla ungaphezu kwamahora angu-2700 ama-kilowatt-amahora, okubalwa ku-31.6% wengqikithi yokusetshenziswa kwamandla omphakathi, okulingana nokusetshenziswa kukagesi kwe-EU ngo-2021. Inkinga yokulawula yonke isistimu yamandla izoba evelele nakakhulu, ngakho-ke isitoreji esisha samandla sizofaka isikhathi samathuba amakhulu okuthuthukiswa!

UNobhala Jikelele uveze ukuthi ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla amasha nahlanzekile kufanele kunikezwe isikhundla esivelele. Ngo-2022, ngokujula koguquko lwamandla, ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo eShayina kwazuza impumelelo entsha, futhi umthamo ofakiwe wamandla wamalahle wezwe sewudlule ngokomlando umthamo kazwelonke ofakiwe, wangena esigabeni esisha sokuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi ephezulu ye-leapfrog.

Ekuqaleni koMkhosi waseNtwasahlobo, amandla amaningi kagesi ahlanzekile angeziwe ku-National Power Network. Emfuleni i-Jinsha, wonke amayunithi ayi-16 e-Baihetan Hydropower Station aqala ukusebenza, akhiqiza amandla kagesi angaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-100 zama-kilowatt nsuku zonke. E-Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, kukhona ama-kilowatts angu-700000 e-PV afakwe ku-Delingha National Large Wind Power PV Base ukuze kuphehlwe ugesi oxhunywe kugridi. Eduze koGwadule LwaseTengger, izinjini zomoya ezingu-60 ezisanda kukhiqizwa zaqala ukuzungezisa umoya, futhi ukuguquka ngakunye kungaphehla ama-degree angu-480 kagesi.

Ngo-2022, amandla amasha afakiwe wamandla avuselelekayo afana nogesi wamanzi, amandla omoya kanye nokuphehlwa kukagesi we-photovoltaic ezweni azofinyelela irekhodi elisha, elibalelwa ku-76% wamandla amasha afakiwe wokuphehlwa kukagesi ezweni, futhi abe indikimba eyinhloko yamandla amasha afakiwe wokuphehlwa kukagesi e-China. Ekupheleni konyaka wezi-2022, umthamo wamandla avuselelekayo afakiwe eShayina usufinyelele kuma-kilowatts ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.213, okungaphezu kwamandla amalahle afakiwe kazwelonke, okubalelwa ku-47.3% yenani eliphelele elifakiwe lokuphehlwa kukagesi ezweni. Umthamo wonyaka wokuphehlwa kukagesi ungaphezu kwamahora angu-2700 wama-kilowatt-amahora, okubalelwa ku-31.6% wengqikithi yamandla asetshenziswa emphakathini, okulingana nokusetshenziswa kukagesi kwe-EU ngo-2021.

U-Li Chuangjun, uMqondisi we-New Energy and Renewable Energy Department we-National Energy Administration, uthe: Njengamanje, amandla avuselelekayo e-China abonise izici ezintsha zentuthuko enkulu, isilinganiso esiphezulu, emakethe kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu. Ubungqabavu bemakethe bukhishwe ngokuphelele. Ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni kuhole umhlaba futhi sekungene esigabeni esisha sokuthuthuka kwekhwalithi ephezulu ye-leapfrog.
Namuhla, kusukela ogwadule iGobi kuya olwandle oluluhlaza, kusukela ophahleni lomhlaba kuya emathafeni abanzi, amandla avuselelekayo abonisa amandla amakhulu. Iziteshi zikagesi ezinkulu kakhulu ezifana ne-Xiangjiaba, i-Xiluodu, i-Wudongde ne-Baihetan seziqalile ukusebenza, futhi inqwaba yamandla amakhulu omoya nezisekelo ze-photovoltaic zama-kilowatts ayizigidi ezingu-10 seziqediwe futhi zaqala ukusebenza, okuhlanganisa i-Jiuquan, i-Gansu, i-Hami, i-Xinjiang ne-Zhangjiakou, i-Hebei.

Umthamo ofakiwe wamandla aphehlwa ngamanzi, amandla omoya, ukukhiqizwa kukagesi we-photovoltaic kanye nokuphehlwa kukagesi we-biomass e-China bekungokokuqala emhlabeni iminyaka eminingi ilandelana. Izingxenye ezibalulekile ezinjengamamojula e-photovoltaic, izinjini zomoya kanye namabhokisi egiya akhiqizwa e-China enza u-70% wesabelo semakethe yomhlaba wonke. Ngo-2022, imishini eyenziwe e-China izonikela ngaphezu kwama-40% okunciphisa ukukhishwa kwamandla avuselelekayo emhlabeni jikelele. I-China isibe ngumhlanganyeli okhuthele futhi ebambe iqhaza elibalulekile ekuphenduleni umhlaba wonke ekuguqukeni kwesimo sezulu.

U-Yi Yuechun, iPhini Likamongameli Eliphethe we-General Institute of Hydropower Planning and Design: Umbiko weNgqungquthela Kazwelonke yama-20 yeQembu LamaKhomanisi laseShayina uhlongoze ukugqugquzela ngenkuthalo futhi kancane kancane ukukhuphuka kwekhabhoni kanye nokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni, okubeka phambili izidingo eziphakeme zokuthuthukiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo. Akufanele nje sithuthuke ngezinga elikhulu, kodwa futhi sidla ngezinga eliphezulu. Kufanele futhi siqinisekise ukuphakelwa kukagesi okuthembekile nokuzinzile futhi sisheshise ukuhlela nokwakhiwa kohlelo olusha lwamandla kagesi.

Njengamanje, i-China igqugquzela ngokugcwele ukuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi ephezulu yamandla avuselelekayo, egxile ogwadule, ezindaweni zaseGobi nasezindaweni eziwugwadule, futhi kusheshiswe ukwakhiwa kwezisekelo zamandla amasha emazwenikazi ayisikhombisa, okuhlanganisa izindawo eziphakeme zomfula ophuzi, i-Hexi Corridor, "inqwaba" yokugoba komfula ophuzi, kanye nezisekelo zamanzi ezihlanganisiwe ze-Xinjire kanye ne-windshoang. amaqoqo eningizimu-mpumalanga yeTibet, eSichuan, eYunnan, eGuizhou naseGuangxi.

Ukuze amandla omoya aphushele ekujuleni kolwandle, inkundla yokuqala yaseChina yamandla omoya antantayo, “i-CNOOC Mission Hills”, enobubanzi bamanzi obungaphezu kwamamitha ayi-100 kanye nebanga elingasogwini elingaphezu kwamakhilomitha ayi-100, iqala ukusebenza ngokushesha futhi ihlelelwe ukuthi iqale ukusebenza ngokugcwele ngoJuni walo nyaka.

Ukuze kutholwe amandla amasha ngesilinganiso esikhulu, e-Ulanqab, e-Inner Mongolia, izinkundla zokuqinisekisa ubuchwepheshe bokugcinwa kwamandla ayisikhombisa, okuhlanganisa amabhethri e-lithium-ion wesimo esiqinile, amabhethri e-sodium-ion kanye nokugcinwa kwamandla e-flywheel, ziyasheshisa ucwaningo nentuthuko.

U-Sun Changping, umongameli we-Research Institute of Science and Technology ye-Three Gorges Group, uthe: Sizokhuthaza lobu buchwepheshe obusha obufanele bokugcina amandla obusha obuphephile ekuthuthukisweni okukhulu kwamaphrojekthi amasha wamandla, ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla okumunca oxhumano lwegridi yamandla amasha kanye nezinga lokusebenza eliphephile legridi yamandla.

INational Energy Administration ibikezela ukuthi ngo-2025, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla omoya kanye nelanga laseShayina kuzophindeka kabili kusukela ngo-2020, futhi ngaphezu kwama-80% okusetshenziswa kukagesi okusha komphakathi wonke kuzokhiqizwa ngamandla avuselelekayo.