Indawo entsha yokugcina amandla eTshayina iza kuzisa ixesha lamathuba amakhulu ophuhliso

Ekupheleni kowama-2022, amandla afakelweyo ombane ohlaziyekayo eTshayina afikelele kwi-1.213 yeebhiliyoni zee-kilowatts, okungaphezulu kwamandla afakelweyo esizwe ombane wamalahle, okwenza i-47.3% yamandla afakelweyo ombane kwilizwe. Amandla okuvelisa umbane ngonyaka angaphezu kwe-2700 yeebhiliyoni zee-kilowatts-hours, enza i-31.6% yamandla apheleleyo okusetyenziswa kwezentlalo, alingana nokusetyenziswa kombane kwe-EU ngo-2021. Ingxaki yokulawula inkqubo yamandla iyonke iya kuba yinto ephawulekayo, ngoko ke indawo yokugcina amandla entsha iya kuzisa ixesha lamathuba amakhulu ophuhliso!

UNobhala Jikelele ubonise ukuba ukukhuthaza uphuhliso lwamandla amatsha nacocekileyo kufanele kunikwe isikhundla esiphambili. Ngowama-2022, ngokukhula kwenguquko yamandla, uphuhliso lwamandla avuselelekayo lwaseTshayina lufikelele kwimpumelelo entsha, kwaye amandla apheleleyo afakelweyo amandla amalahle eli lizwe ngokwembali adlule amandla afakelweyo esizwe, angena kwinqanaba elitsha lophuhliso olukhulu oluphezulu oluphezulu.

Ekuqaleni koMnyhadala weNtwasahlobo, kongezwe amandla amaninzi ombane acocekileyo kwiNational Power Network. KuMlambo iJinsha, zonke iiyunithi ezili-16 zeBaihetan Hydropower Station ziyaqaliswa ukusebenza, zivelisa umbane ongaphezulu kwe-100 yezigidi zeekhilowathi-iiyure yonke imihla. KwiQinghai-Tibet Plateau, kukho ii-700000 zeekhilowathi zePV ezifakwe kwiDelingha National Large Wind Power PV Base ukuze kufumaneke umbane oqhagamshelwe kwigridi. Ecaleni kweTengger Desert, iiturbine zomoya ezingama-60 ezisandula ukufakwa kwimveliso zaqala ukujikeleza ngokuchasene nomoya, kwaye uguquko ngalunye lunokuvelisa iidigri ezingama-480 zombane.

Ngowama-2022, amandla amatsha afakelweyo amandla avuselelekayo afana nombane wamanzi, amandla omoya kunye nokuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kweli lizwe aya kufikelela kwirekhodi entsha, ebalelwa kwi-76% yamandla amatsha afakelweyo okuvelisa umbane kweli lizwe, kwaye abe ngumzimba ophambili wamandla amatsha afakelweyo okuvelisa umbane eTshayina. Ekupheleni kuka-2022, amandla afakelweyo amandla avuselelekayo eTshayina afikelele kwi-1.213 yeebhiliyoni zee-kilowatts, engaphezulu kwamandla amalahle afakelweyo elizwe, ebalelwa kwi-47.3% yamandla onke afakelweyo okuvelisa umbane kweli lizwe. Amandla okuvelisa umbane ngonyaka angaphezu kwe-2700 yeebhiliyoni zee-kilowatts-iiyure, ebalelwa kwi-31.6% yamandla onke asetyenziswayo kwezentlalo, alingana nokusetyenziswa kombane kwe-EU ngo-2021.

ULi Chuangjun, uMlawuli weSebe leMisebenzi emitsha yamandla ahlaziyekayo kwiSebe leMisebenzi yaMandla yeSizwe, uthe: Okwangoku, amandla avuselelekayo aseTshayina abonakalise iimpawu ezintsha zophuhliso olukhulu, olunemilinganiselo ephezulu, olujolise kwimarike nolukumgangatho ophezulu. Amandla emarike akhululwe ngokupheleleyo. Uphuhliso lwemizi-mveliso lukhokele ihlabathi kwaye lungene kwinqanaba elitsha lophuhliso oluphezulu oluphezulu.
Namhlanje, ukusuka entlango iGobi ukuya kulwandle oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ukusuka eluphahleni lwehlabathi ukuya kumathafa amakhulu, amandla avuselelekayo abonisa amandla amakhulu. Izikhululo zamandla ombane ezinkulu kakhulu ezifana neXiangjiaba, iXiluodu, iWudongde kunye neBaihetan ziqalisiwe ukusebenza, kwaye inani leziseko zamandla omoya amakhulu kunye ne-photovoltaic ze-10 yezigidi zee-kilowatts zigqityiwe kwaye ziqalisiwe ukusebenza, kuquka iJiuquan, iGansu, iHami, iXinjiang kunye neZhangjiakou, iHebei.

Umthamo ofakiweyo wamandla ombane aphuma emanzini, amandla omoya, ukuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kunye nokuveliswa kwamandla e-biomass eTshayina ube ngowokuqala ehlabathini iminyaka emininzi ilandelelana. Izinto eziphambili ezifana neemodyuli ze-photovoltaic, ii-wind turbines kunye neebhokisi zegiya eziveliswe eTshayina zithatha i-70% yesabelo semarike yehlabathi. Ngo-2022, izixhobo ezenziwe eTshayina ziya kuncedisa ngaphezulu kwe-40% yokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwamandla avuselelekayo kwihlabathi liphela. ITshayina ibe ngumthathi-nxaxheba okhutheleyo kunye negalelo elibalulekileyo kwimpendulo yehlabathi kutshintsho lwemozulu.

UYi Yuechun, uSekela Mongameli oPhetheyo weZiko eliPhezulu lokuCwangciswa koMbane wamanzi kunye noYilo: Ingxelo yeNgqungquthela yeSizwe yama-20 yeQela lamaKomanisi laseTshayina icebise ukukhuthaza ngenkuthalo nangokuzinzileyo incopho yekhabhoni kunye nokungapheleli kwekhabhoni, nto leyo ebeka phambili iimfuno eziphezulu zophuhliso lwamandla avuselelekayo. Akufanele siphuhlise kuphela ngomlinganiselo omkhulu, kodwa sisebenzise kwinqanaba eliphezulu. Kufuneka siqinisekise ukunikezelwa kombane okuthembekileyo nokuzinzileyo kwaye sikhawulezise ucwangciso kunye nokwakhiwa kwenkqubo entsha yamandla.

Okwangoku, iTshayina ikhuthaza ngokupheleleyo uphuhliso oluphezulu lwamandla avuselelekayo, igxile kwintlango, iGobi kunye neendawo zasentlango, kwaye ikhawulezisa ukwakhiwa kweziseko ezintsha zamandla kumazwekazi asixhenxe, kuquka iindawo eziphezulu zoMlambo iYellow, iHexi Corridor, "iigophe ezininzi" zoMlambo iYellow, kunye neXinjiang, kunye neziseko ezibini eziphambili zamanzi kunye namaqela eziseko zamandla omoya angaphandle kumzantsi-mpuma weTibet, eSichuan, eYunnan, eGuizhou naseGuangxi.

Ukuze kutyhalelwe amandla omoya elwandle olunzulu, iqonga lokuqala lamandla omoya elihambahambayo eTshayina, i-“CNOOC Mission Hills”, elinobunzulu bamanzi obungaphezulu kweemitha ezili-100 kunye nomgama ongaphezulu kweekhilomitha ezili-100 elunxwemeni, liyaqaliswa ngokukhawuleza kwaye kulindeleke ukuba liqalise ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo ngoJuni kulo nyaka.

Ukuze kufunxwe amandla amatsha ngomlinganiselo omkhulu, e-Ulanqab, e-Inner Mongolia, amaqonga asixhenxe okuqinisekisa ubuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla, kuquka iibhetri ze-lithium-ion eziqinileyo, iibhetri ze-sodium-ion kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla e-flywheel, akhawulezisa uphando kunye nophuhliso.

USand Changping, umongameli weZiko loPhando lweSayensi neTekhnoloji yeQela leeGorges ezintathu, uthe: Siza kuyikhuthaza le teknoloji intsha yokugcina amandla efanelekileyo nekhuselekileyo kuphuhliso olukhulu lweeprojekthi ezintsha zamandla, ukuze kuphuculwe amandla okufunxa uqhagamshelo olutsha lwegridi yamandla kunye nenqanaba lokusebenza elikhuselekileyo legridi yamandla.

I-National Energy Administration iqikelela ukuba ngo-2025, ukuveliswa kombane ngomoya kunye nelanga eTshayina kuya kuphindaphindeka kabini ukusuka ngo-2020, kwaye ngaphezulu kwe-80% yombane omtsha osetyenziswa luluntu lonke uya kuveliswa ngamandla ahlaziyekayo.