Ugcino lwamandla olutsha lwaseTshayina luya kuzisa ixesha lamathuba amakhulu ophuhliso

Ekupheleni kowama-2022, umthamo ofakiweyo wamandla ahlaziyekayo e-China ufikelele kwi-1.213 yebhiliyoni ye-kilowatts, engaphezulu komthamo wombane wamalahle ofakwe kuzwelonke, othatha i-47.3% yomthamo ofakiweyo uwonke wokuvelisa umbane elizweni. Umthamo wonyaka wokuvelisa amandla angaphezu kwe-2700 yeebhiliyoni ze-kilowatt-iiyure, ezibalelwa kwi-31.6% yokusetyenziswa kwamandla oluntu, elilingana nokusetyenziswa kombane we-EU kwi-2021. Ingxaki yokulawula inkqubo yonke yamandla iya kuba yinto ephawulekayo ngakumbi nangakumbi, ngoko ke ukugcinwa kwamandla okutsha kuya kungenisa ixesha lamathuba amakhulu ophuhliso!

UNobhala-Jikelele wabonisa ukuba ukukhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kwamandla amatsha kunye acocekileyo kufuneka kunikwe indawo evelele ngakumbi. Ngo-2022, ngokunzulu kwenguqu yamandla, uphuhliso lwamandla ahlaziyekayo lwaseTshayina luphumelele impumelelo entsha, kunye nenani elipheleleyo elifakiweyo lamandla amalahle elizwe ngokwembali ligqithise umthamo wesizwe ofakiweyo, ukungena kwinqanaba elitsha lophuhliso lwe-leapfrog ephezulu.

Ekuqaleni koMthendeleko weNtwasahlobo, amandla amaninzi ombane acocekileyo afakwe kwiNethiwekhi yeSizwe yaMandla. KuMlambo i-Jinsha, zonke iiyunithi ze-16 ze-Baihetan Hydropower Station ziyasetyenziswa, zivelisa ngaphezu kwe-100 yezigidi ze-kilowatt-iiyure zombane yonke imihla. Kwi-Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, kukho i-700000 kilowatts ye-PV efakwe kwi-Delingha National Large Wind Power PV Base ukwenzela ukuvelisa umbane oqhagamshelwe kwigridi. Ecaleni kweNtlango iTengger, oomatshini bomoya abangama-60 abasandul’ ukuveliswa baqalisa ukujikeleza ngokuchasene nomoya, yaye ujikelezo ngalunye lunokuvelisa umbane ongama-480.

Ngowama-2022, umthamo omtsha ofakelweyo wamandla ahlaziyekayo afana nombane wamanzi, amandla omoya kunye nokuveliswa kombane we-photovoltaic kweli lizwe uya kufikelela kwirekhodi elitsha, elibalelwa kwi-76% yomthamo omtsha ofakiweyo wokuvelisa umbane kweli lizwe, kwaye ube liqumrhu eliphambili lesakhono esitsha esifakelweyo sokuvelisa umbane eTshayina. Ekupheleni kowama-2022, umthamo ofakiweyo wamandla ahlaziyekayo e-China ufikelele kwi-1.213 yebhiliyoni ye-kilowatts, engaphezulu komthamo wombane wamalahle ofakwe kuzwelonke, othatha i-47.3% yomthamo ofakiweyo uwonke wokuvelisa umbane elizweni. Umthamo wonyaka wokuvelisa amandla angaphezu kwe-2700 yeebhiliyoni ze-kilowatt-iiyure, ezibalelwa kwi-31.6% yokusetyenziswa kwamandla oluntu, elilingana nokusetyenziswa kombane we-EU kwi-2021.

U-Li Chuangjun, uMlawuli weSebe lezaMandla amatsha kunye neSebe eliVuselelayo loLawulo lwaMandla kaZwelonke, wathi: Okwangoku, amandla ahlaziyiweyo aseTshayina abonise iimpawu ezintsha zophuhliso olukhulu, oluphezulu, olujoliswe kwiimarike kunye nomgangatho ophezulu. Ubomi bemarike bukhululwe ngokupheleleyo. Uphuhliso lwemizi-mveliso lukhokele ihlabathi kwaye lungene kwinqanaba elitsha lophuhliso olukumgangatho ophezulu weleapfrog.
Namhlanje, ukusuka kwintlango iGobi ukuya kulwandle oluluhlaza, ukusuka eluphahleni lwehlabathi ukuya kumathafa amakhulu, amandla avuselelekayo abonisa amandla amakhulu. Izikhululo zombane zamanzi ezongezelelekileyo ezifana ne-Xiangjiaba, i-Xiluodu, i-Wudongde kunye ne-Baihetan ziye zafakwa ekusebenzeni, kwaye inani lamandla amakhulu omoya kunye neziseko ze-photovoltaic ze-10 yezigidi ze-kilowatts ziye zagqitywa kwaye zisebenza, kuquka i-Jiuquan, i-Gansu, i-Hami, i-Xinjiang kunye ne-Zhangjiakou, i-Hebei.

Umthamo ofakiweyo wamandla ombane, amandla omoya, ukuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kunye nokuveliswa kwamandla e-biomass e-China ibe yeyokuqala kwihlabathi iminyaka emininzi ilandelelana. Amacandelo abalulekileyo afana neemodyuli ze-photovoltaic, ii-injini zomoya kunye neebhokisi zegiya eziveliswe e-China zibalelwa kwi-70% yesabelo semarike yehlabathi. Ngo-2022, izixhobo ezenziwe e-China ziya kuba negalelo elingaphezulu kwe-40% yokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwamandla ahlaziyekayo kwihlabathi. I-China iye yaba ngumthathi-nxaxheba osebenzayo kunye negalelo elibalulekileyo kwimpendulo yehlabathi kutshintsho lwemozulu.

UYi Yuechun, uSekela Mongameli oLawulayo weZiko loCwangciso lwaMandla ombane kunye noYilo: Ingxelo yeNkongolo yeSizwe yama-20 yeQela lamaKomanisi laseTshayina licebise ukukhuthaza ngokukhutheleyo nangokuthe gqolo ukukhuthaza incopho yekhabhoni kunye nokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni, ebeka phambili iimfuno eziphezulu zophuhliso lwamandla avuselelekayo. Akufanele siphuhlise kuphela kwinqanaba elikhulu, kodwa siphinde sidle kwinqanaba eliphezulu. Kufuneka kwakhona siqinisekise unikezelo lombane oluthembekileyo noluzinzileyo kwaye sikhawulezise ukucwangciswa nokwakhiwa kwenkqubo entsha yamandla.

Okwangoku, i-China ikhuthaza ngokupheleleyo uphuhliso oluphezulu lokutsiba lwamandla avuselelekayo, lugxile kwintlango, iGobi kunye nemimandla eyintlango, kunye nokukhawulezisa ukwakhiwa kweziseko zamandla amatsha kumazwekazi asixhenxe, kubandakanywa nokufikelela okuphezulu koMlambo oMthubi, iHexi Corridor, “eziliqela” ukugoba koMlambo oMthubi, kunye ne-Xinjire power bases kunye ne-windshoang edibeneyo kunye nesiseko samanzi adityanisiweyo. amaqela kumzantsi-mpuma weTibet, eSichuan, eYunnan, eGuizhou naseGuangxi.

Ukuze utyhale amandla omoya kulwandle olunzulu, iqonga laseTshayina lokuqala lamandla omoya adadayo, i-“CNOOC Mission Hills”, enobunzulu bamanzi obungaphezulu kwe-100 leemitha kunye nomgama ongaphandle konxweme ongaphezu kweekhilomitha ezili-100, uthunyelelwa ngokukhawuleza kwaye ucwangciselwe ukuba uqalise ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo ngoJuni walo nyaka.

Ukuze ukufunxa amandla amatsha ngomlinganiselo omkhulu, e Ulanqab, Inner Mongolia, amaqonga asixhenxe ugcino iteknoloji yokuqinisekisa yokugcina amandla, kuquka ibhetri yelithium-ion karhulumente eqinileyo, iibhetri sodium-ion kunye nokugcinwa amandla flywheel, isantya uphando kunye nophuhliso.

U-Sun Changping, umongameli weZiko loPhando lweSayensi kunye neTekhnoloji yeQela leeGorges ezintathu, uthe: Siya kukhuthaza obu buchwephesha obufanelekileyo kunye nokhuseleko olutsha lokugcina amandla kuphuhliso olukhulu lweeprojekthi zamandla amatsha, ukuze kuphuculwe amandla okufunxa uqhagamshelo lwegridi yamandla amatsha kunye nenqanaba lokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwegridi yamandla.

Ulawulo lwamandla eSizwe luqikelela ukuba ngo-2025, ukuveliswa kwamandla omoya kunye nelanga laseTshayina kuya kuphinda-phindwe kabini ukusuka ngo-2020, kwaye ngaphezulu kwe-80% yokusetyenziswa kombane omtsha kuluntu lonke kuya kuveliswa kumandla ahlaziyekayo.