Suuqa kaydinta indhaha ee Shiinaha sanadka 2023

Febraayo 13, Maamulka Tamarta Qaranka ayaa shir jaraa'id oo joogto ah ku qabtay Beijing. Wang Dapeng, Agaasime Ku-xigeenka Waaxda Tamarta Cusub iyo kuwa La Cusboonaysiin Karo ee Maamulka Tamarta Qaranka, ayaa soo bandhigay in sanadka 2022, awoodda cusub ee lagu rakibay korontada dabaysha iyo tan sawir-qaadista ee dalka ay dhaafi doonto 120 milyan oo kiilowatts, taasoo gaari doonta 125 milyan oo kiilowatts, taasoo jebin doonta 100 milyan oo kiilowatts saddex sano oo xiriir ah, isla markaana gaari doonta rikoor cusub oo heer sare ah.

Liu Yafang, oo ah agaasime ku xigeenka Waaxda Ilaalinta Tamarta iyo Qalabka Sayniska iyo Tiknoolajiyadda ee Maamulka Tamarta Qaranka, ayaa sheegay in dhammaadka 2022, awoodda la rakibay ee mashaariicda cusub ee kaydinta tamarta ee ka shaqeynaya dalka oo dhan ay gaartay 8.7 milyan oo kiilowatts, iyadoo celceliska waqtiga kaydinta tamarta uu yahay qiyaastii 2.1 saacadood, taasoo ka badan 110% dhammaadka 2021.

Sannadihii ugu dambeeyay, iyadoo la raacayo yoolka laba-kaarboon-kaarboon, horumarinta tamar cusub sida tamarta dabaysha iyo soo saarista tamarta qorraxda ayaa sii xoogaysatay, halka isbeddelka iyo kala soocidda tamarta cusub ay noqdeen dhibaatooyinka lagu hubinayo helitaanka korontada oo deggan. Qaybinta iyo kaydinta tamarta cusub ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah u noqotay midda ugu weyn, taas oo leh hawlaha xakamaynta isbeddelka tamarta cusub ee soo saarista tamarta, hagaajinta isticmaalka tamarta cusub, yaraynta leexashada qorshaha soo saarista tamarta, hagaajinta amniga iyo xasilloonida hawlgalka shabakadda korontada, iyo yareynta ciriiriga gudbinta

Abriil 21, 2021, Guddiga Horumarinta iyo Dib-u-habaynta Qaranka iyo Maamulka Tamarta Qaranka ayaa soo saaray Fikradaha Hagaya ee ku saabsan Dardargelinta Horumarinta Kaydinta Tamarta Cusub waxayna weydiisteen ra'yi bulshada oo dhan. Waxay si cad u qeexeen in awoodda la rakibay ee kaydinta tamarta cusub ay gaari doonto in ka badan 30 milyan oo kiilowatts marka la gaaro 2025. Sida laga soo xigtay tirakoobyada, dhammaadka 2020, Shiinuhu wuxuu hawlgaliyay awoodda wadarta ah ee la rakibay ee kaydinta tamarta elektaroonigga ah waa 3269.2 megawatts, ama 3.3 milyan oo kiilowatts, sida laga soo xigtay bartilmaameedka rakibidda ee lagu soo jeediyay dukumeentiga, Marka la gaaro 2025, awoodda la rakibay ee kaydinta tamarta elektaroonigga ah ee Shiinaha waxay kordhi doontaa qiyaastii 10 jeer.

Maanta, iyadoo la horumarinayo si degdeg ah oo loo sameeyay kaydinta tamarta PV+, oo ay weheliso siyaasadda iyo taageerada suuqa, sidee bay u tahay xaaladda horumarinta suuqa kaydinta tamarta? Ka waran hawlgalka saldhigga tamarta kaydinta tamarta ee la hirgeliyay? Ma ciyaari kartaa doorkeeda iyo qiimaheeda saxda ah?

Kaydinta ilaa 30%!

Laga bilaabo ikhtiyaari ilaa qasab, amarkii ugu adkaa ee qaybinta kaydinta ayaa la soo saaray

Sida laga soo xigtay tirakoobka Shabakadda Tamarta Caalamiga ah/ Cinwaanka Sawirka (PV-2005), ilaa hadda, wadar ahaan 25 waddan ayaa soo saaray siyaasado lagu caddaynayo shuruudaha gaarka ah ee habaynta iyo kaydinta sawirka sawirka. Guud ahaan, gobollada badankood waxay u baahan yihiin in cabbirka qaybinta iyo kaydinta ee saldhigyada korontada sawirku uu u dhexeeyo 5% iyo 30% awoodda la rakibay, waqtiga habayntu wuxuu inta badan yahay 2-4 saacadood, gobollo yarna waa 1 saac

Waxaa ka mid ah, Magaalada Zaozhuang ee Gobolka Shandong waxay si cad u tixgelisay miisaanka horumarinta, astaamaha culayska, heerka isticmaalka footovoltaic-ga iyo arrimo kale, waxayna u habaysay xarumaha kaydinta tamarta iyadoo loo eegayo awoodda la rakibay ee 15% - 30% (lagu hagaajiyay iyadoo loo eegayo marxaladda horumarinta) iyo muddada 2-4 saacadood, ama waxay kiraysteen xarumaha kaydinta tamarta ee la wadaago oo leh awood isku mid ah, taas oo noqotay saqafka shuruudaha qaybinta footovoltaic-ga ee hadda jira iyo kaydinta. Intaa waxaa dheer, Shaanxi, Gansu, Henan iyo meelo kale waxay u baahan yihiin saamiga qaybinta iyo kaydinta si ay u gaaraan 20%.

Waxaa xusid mudan in Guizhou uu soo saaray dukumenti si uu u caddeeyo in mashaariicda tamarta cusub ay tahay inay buuxiyaan shuruudaha hawlgalka laba saacadood ah iyagoo dhisaya ama iibsanaya kaydinta tamarta heer aan ka yarayn 10% awoodda la rakibay ee tamarta cusub (saamiga isku xirka waxaa si firfircoon loogu hagaajin karaa iyadoo loo eegayo xaaladda dhabta ah) si loo daboolo baahida xiirashada ugu sarreysa; Mashaariicda tamarta cusub ee aan lahayn kaydinta tamarta, isku xirka shabakadda looma tixgelin doono si ku meel gaar ah, taas oo loo arki karo inay tahay habka ugu adag ee loo qoondeeyo iyo kaydinta.

Qalabka kaydinta tamarta:

Way adag tahay in faa'iido la helo, xamaasadda ganacsiyadu guud ahaan ma sarrayso

Sida laga soo xigtay tirakoobka Shabakadda Tamarta Caalamiga ah/ Cinwaanka Sawirka (PV-2005), sannadkii 2022, wadarta mashaariicda kaydinta dabaysha iyo tamarta qorraxda ayaa la saxiixay/la qorsheeyay guud ahaan dalka, iyadoo miisaan mashruuc oo cad uu yahay 191.553GW iyo qaddar maalgashi oo cad oo ah 663.346 bilyan yuan.

Cabbirrada mashruuca ee la qeexay, Inner Mongolia waxay kaalinta koowaad ka gashay 53.436GW, Gansu waxay gashay kaalinta labaad iyadoo leh 47.307GW, Heilongjiang-na waxay gashay kaalinta saddexaad iyadoo leh 15.83GW. Cabbirrada mashruuca ee gobollada Guizhou, Shanxi, Xinjiang, Liaoning, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Yunnan, Guangxi, Hubei, Chongqing, Jiangxi, Shandong, iyo Anhui dhammaantood waxay dhaafeen 1GW.

Iyadoo qaybinta tamarta cusub iyo xarumaha tamarta kaydinta tamarta ay si xawli ah u kordheen, xarumaha tamarta kaydinta tamarta ee la hawlgeliyay ayaa ku dhacay xaalad walaac leh. Tiro badan oo mashaariic kaydinta tamarta ah oo taageero ah ayaa ku jira marxalad aan shaqaynayn waxayna si tartiib tartiib ah u noqonayaan xaalad ceeb ah.

Sida laga soo xigtay "Warbixinta Cilmi-baarista ee Hawlgalka Qaybinta iyo Kaydinta Tamarta Cusub" oo ay soo saartay Ururka Korontada Shiinaha, kharashka mashaariicda kaydinta tamarta ayaa inta badan u dhexeeya 1500-3000 yuan/kWh. Sababo la xiriira xaaladaha xuduudaha ee kala duwan, farqiga kharashka ee u dhexeeya mashaariicda waa mid aad u weyn. Xaaladda dhabta ah, faa'iidada mashaariicda kaydinta tamarta badankood ma sarreyso.

Tani waa mid aan la kala saari karin caqabadaha dhabta ah. Dhinac, marka laga eego helitaanka suuqa, xaaladaha helitaanka ee xarumaha tamarta kaydinta tamarta si ay uga qaybqaataan suuqa ganacsiga booska korontada weli lama caddeyn, xeerarka ganacsigana weli lama horumarin. Dhanka kale, marka la eego habka qiimaha, sameynta hab qiimeyn awoodeed oo madax-bannaan oo loogu talagalay xarumaha tamarta kaydinta tamarta ee dhinaca shabakadda lama dib dhigin, warshadaha guud ahaanna wali ma lahan macquul ganacsi oo dhammaystiran si ay u hagto raasamaalka bulshada mashruuca kaydinta tamarta. Dhanka kale, kharashka kaydinta tamarta cusub waa mid sarreeya hufnaantiisuna waa mid hooseysa, La'aanta kanaallo loogu talagalay marin-haweedka. Sida laga soo xigtay warbixinnada warbaahinta ee khuseeya, hadda, kharashka qaybinta tamarta cusub iyo kaydinta waxaa qaada shirkadaha horumarinta tamarta cusub, kuwaas oo aan loo gudbin dhinaca hoose. Qiimaha baytariyada lithium ion ayaa kordhay, taas oo keentay cadaadis hawlgal oo weyn shirkadaha tamarta cusub waxayna saameysay go'aannada maalgashiga ee shirkadaha horumarinta tamarta cusub. Intaa waxaa dheer, labadii sano ee la soo dhaafay, iyadoo qiimaha walxaha silicon ee kor u kaca silsiladda warshadaha photovoltaic uu kor u kacayo, qiimuhu aad ayuu isu beddelaa. Shirkadaha cusub ee tamarta ee leh qaybinta qasabka ah iyo kaydinta, Shaki la'aan, laba arrimood ayaa ku kordhiyay culayska shirkadaha cusub ee tamarta dhaliya, sidaa darteed xamaasadda shirkadaha ee qaybinta tamarta cusub iyo kaydinta guud ahaan waa mid hooseysa.

Caqabadaha ugu waaweyn:

Dhibaatada badbaadada kaydinta tamarta ayaa weli la xallinayaa, hawlgalka iyo dayactirka saldhigga korontadana waa mid adag.

Labadii sano ee la soo dhaafay, noocyo cusub oo kaydinta tamarta ah ayaa si weyn u koray oo si weyn loo isticmaalay, halka badbaadada kaydinta tamarta ay noqotay mid aad u daran. Sida laga soo xigtay tirakoobyada aan dhammaystirnayn, tan iyo 2018, in ka badan 40 dhacdo oo qarax iyo dab ah oo baytariyada kaydinta tamarta ah ayaa ka dhacay adduunka oo dhan, gaar ahaan qaraxii Saldhigga Korontada Kaydinta Tamarta ee Beijing Abriil 16, 2021, kaas oo sababay dhimashada laba dab-damiye, dhaawaca hal dab-damiye, iyo luminta xiriirka hal shaqaale oo ka tirsan saldhigga korontada. Badeecadaha baytariyada kaydinta tamarta ee hadda jira waxay la kulmaan dhibaatooyin sida amniga iyo isku halaynta oo aan ku filnayn, hagitaan daciif ah oo heerarka iyo qeexitaannada khuseeya, hirgelinta aan ku filnayn ee tallaabooyinka maaraynta badbaadada, iyo habka digniinta badbaadada iyo xaaladaha degdegga ah ee aan dhammaystirnayn.

Intaa waxaa dheer, iyadoo ay jirto cadaadis dhaqaale oo sarreeya, qaar ka mid ah dhisayaasha mashaariicda kaydinta tamarta ayaa soo xushay alaabada kaydinta tamarta oo leh waxqabad liita iyo kharash maalgashi oo hooseeya, taas oo sidoo kale kordhisa khatarta badbaadada ee suurtagalka ah. Waxaa la dhihi karaa dhibaatada amnigu waa qodobka ugu muhiimsan ee saameeya horumarka caafimaadka leh iyo kan deggan ee cabbirka kaydinta tamarta cusub, kaas oo u baahan in si degdeg ah loo xalliyo.

Marka laga hadlayo hawlgalka iyo dayactirka saldhigyada korontada, sida laga soo xigtay warbixinta Ururka Korontada Shiinaha, tirada unugyada korontada ku shaqeeya waa mid aad u badan, baaxadda tirada unugyada hal-abuurka leh ee mashruuca kaydinta tamarta ayaa gaartay tobanaan kun ama xitaa boqolaal kun oo heer. Intaa waxaa dheer, qiimaha hoos u dhaca, luminta hufnaanta beddelka korontada, burburka awoodda baytariga iyo arrimo kale oo shaqeynaya ayaa sidoo kale si weyn u kordhin doona kharashka wareegga nolosha ee saldhigga tamarta oo dhan, kaas oo aad u adag in la ilaaliyo; Hawlgalka iyo dayactirka saldhigyada tamarta ee kaydinta tamarta waxay ku lug leeyihiin koronto, kiimiko, xakameyn iyo qaybo kale. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, hawlgalka iyo dayactirka waa mid ballaaran, xirfadda shaqaalaha hawlgalka iyo dayactirkana waa in la hagaajiyaa.

Fursadaha iyo caqabadaha had iyo jeer way is barbar socdaan. Sideen u kordhin karnaa doorka qaybinta tamarta cusub iyo kaydinta oo aan u bixin karnaa jawaabo ku filan si loo xaqiijiyo yoolka laba-kaarboon?

"Soo-bandhig ku saabsan Kaydinta Tamarta iyo Nidaamyada Tamarta Cusub", oo ay maalgelisay Shabakadda Tamarta Caalamiga ah, Cinwaannada Sawirka iyo Cinwaannada Kaydinta Tamarta, oo leh mowduuca "Tamarta Cusub, Nidaamyada Cusub iyo Deegaanka Cusub", ayaa lagu qaban doonaa Beijing 21-ka Febraayo. Dhanka kale, "Golaha Warshadaha Sawirka 7-aad ee Shiinaha" ayaa lagu qaban doonaa Beijing 22-ka Febraayo.

Madashu waxay higsaneysaa inay dhisto madal is-weydaarsi oo ku salaysan qiimaha warshadaha korontada. Madashu waxay martiqaadeysaa hoggaamiyeyaasha, khubarada iyo aqoonyahannada Guddiga Horumarinta iyo Dib-u-habeynta Qaranka, Maamulka Tamarta, khubarada awoodda u leh warshadaha, ururada warshadaha, hay'adaha cilmi-baarista sayniska, machadyada naqshadeynta iyo hay'adaha kale, iyo sidoo kale shirkadaha maalgashiga korontada sida Huaneng, Kooxda Tamarta Qaranka, Shirkadda Maalgashiga Tamarta Qaranka, Ilaalinta Tamarta Shiinaha, Datang, Saddex Doox, Shirkadda Korontada Nukliyeerka Shiinaha, Shirkadda Korontada Nukliyeerka Shiinaha Guangdong, Shirkadda Korontada ee Gobolka, Shirkadda Korontada Koonfureed ee Shiinaha, iyo shirkadaha wax soo saarka silsiladda warshadaha korontada, Xirfadlayaasha sida shirkadaha isdhexgalka nidaamka iyo shirkadaha EPC waa inay si buuxda uga wada hadlaan oo is dhaafsadaan mowduucyo kulul sida siyaasadda warshadaha korontada, tignoolajiyada, horumarinta warshadaha iyo isbeddelka macnaha guud ee nidaamka korontada cusub, iyo ka caawinta warshadaha inay gaaraan horumar isku dhafan.

"Soo-bandhigga Kaydinta Tamarta iyo Nidaamka Tamarta Cusub" wuxuu ka hadli doonaa oo isweydaarsan doonaa arrimo kulul sida siyaasadda warshadaha kaydinta tamarta, tignoolajiyada, isdhexgalka kaydinta indhaha, iwm., iyo shirkadaha sida National Energy Group, Trina Solar, Easter Group, Chint New Energy, Kehua Digital Energy, Baoguang Zhizhong, Aishiwei Storage, Shouhang New Energy waxay diiradda saari doontaa dhibaatooyinka laga gudbi karo dhismaha nidaam cusub oo ku salaysan "dual carbon", iyo in la gaaro horumar guul-guul iyo xasillooni leh oo ku saabsan nidaamka deegaanka cusub. Bixi fikrado iyo aragtiyo cusub.