Ndezvipi zvakanakira bhatiri rekuchengetedza simba?

Nzira yehunyanzvi yeindasitiri yekuchengetera simba muChina - electrochemical energy storage: Parizvino, zvinhu zve cathode zvakajairika zvemabhatiri e lithium zvinosanganisira lithium cobalt oxide (LCO), lithium manganese oxide (LMO), lithium iron phosphate (LFP) uye zvinhu zve ternary. Lithium cobalt ndiyo yekutanga cathode yakagadzirwa mukutengeserana ine high voltage, high tap density, stable structure uye kuchengetedzeka kwakanaka, asi inodhura zvakanyanya uye ine simba shoma. Lithium manganate ine mutengo wakaderera uye high voltage, asi mashandiro ayo e cycle haana kunaka uye kugona kwayo kwakadererawo. Kugona uye mutengo wezvinhu zve ternary zvinosiyana zvichienderana nehuwandu hwe nickel, cobalt uye manganese (kuwedzera kuNCA). Huwandu hwesimba hwese hwakakwira kupfuura hwe lithium iron phosphate uye lithium cobalt. Lithium iron phosphate ine mutengo wakaderera, inoshanda zvakanaka ye cycling uye kuchengetedzeka kwakanaka, asi voltage platform yayo yakaderera uye compaction density yayo yakaderera, zvichikonzera low overall energy density. Parizvino, chikamu chemagetsi chinotongwa ne ternary uye lithium iron, nepo chikamu chekushandisa chiri lithium cobalt yakawanda. Zvinhu zvisina simba zvemagetsi zvinogona kukamurwa kuita zvinhu zvekabhoni nezvinhu zvisiri zvekabhoni: zvinhu zvekabhoni zvinosanganisira graphite yekugadzira, graphite yechisikigo, mesophase carbon microspheres, soft carbon, hard carbon, nezvimwewo; Zvinhu zvisina simba zvekabhoni zvinosanganisira lithium titanate, zvinhu zvakagadzirwa nesilicon, zvinhu zvakagadzirwa netin, nezvimwewo. Graphite yechisikigo negraphite yekugadzira ndizvo zvinonyanya kushandiswa pari zvino. Kunyangwe graphite yechisikigo iine zvakanakira mumutengo wayo uye kugona kwayo, hupenyu hwayo hwekutenderera hwakaderera uye kugadzikana kwayo kwakashata; Zvisinei, hunhu hwegraphite yekugadzira hwakaringana, hune mashandiro akanaka ekutenderera uye hunoenderana zvakanaka ne electrolyte. Graphite yekugadzira inonyanya kushandiswa kumabhatiri emagetsi emotokari ane simba guru uye mabhatiri e lithium emhando yepamusoro, nepo graphite yechisikigo ichinyanya kushandiswa kumabhatiri madiki e lithium uye mabhatiri e lithium evatengi anoshandiswa zvakanyanya. Zvinhu zvakagadzirwa nesilicon muzvinhu zvisiri zvekabhoni zvichiri mukuita kwekutsvaga nekuvandudza. Lithium battery separators dzinogona kukamurwa kuita dry separators uye wet separators zvichienderana nemaitiro ekugadzira, uye wet membrane coating mu wet separator ichave ndiyo nzira huru. Wet process uye dry process zvine zvazvakanakira uye zvazvakaipira. Maitiro ekunyorova ane saizi diki uye yakafanana yemaburi uye firimu rakatetepa, asi mari yacho yakakura, maitiro acho akaomarara, uye kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza kwakakura. Maitiro ekuomesa akareruka, anowedzera kukosha uye ane hushamwari kune nharaunda, asi saizi yemaburi uye maburi zvakaoma kudzora uye chigadzirwa chacho chakaoma kutetepa.

Nzira yehunyanzvi yeindasitiri yekuchengetera simba muChina - electrochemical energy storage: lead acid battery lead acid battery (VRLA) ibheteri rine electrode yakagadzirwa zvakanyanya nelead ne oxide yayo, uye electrolyte iri sulfuric acid solution. Mumamiriro ekuchaja kwebheteri re lead-acid, chikamu chikuru che positive electrode i lead dioxide, uye chikamu chikuru che negative electrode i lead; Mumamiriro ekuburitsa, zvikamu zvikuru zve positive ne negative electrodes i lead sulfate. Nheyo yekushanda kwebheteri re lead-acid ndeyekuti bheteri re lead-acid imhando yebheteri ine carbon dioxide ne spongy metal lead se positive ne negative active substances, uye sulfuric acid solution se electrolyte. Zvakanakira mabhatiri e lead-acid inyaya yekuti maindasitiri akura, kushandiswa kwakachengeteka, kugadziriswa kuri nyore, mutengo wakaderera, hupenyu hurefu, mhando yakagadzikana, nezvimwewo. Zvakashata ndezvekumhanya kwekuchaja zvishoma nezvishoma, simba shoma, hupenyu hupfupi, kusvibiswa kuri nyore, nezvimwewo. Mabhatiri e lead-acid anoshandiswa semagetsi anomira kwenguva refu mukutaurirana, masisitimu esimba rezuva, masisitimu emagetsi ekuchinja, michina yekutaurirana, masisitimu madiki ekuchengetedza simba (UPS, ECR, masisitimu ekuchengetedza simba remakombiyuta, nezvimwewo), michina yekukurumidzira, nezvimwewo, uye semagetsi makuru mumidziyo yekutaurirana, maroketi emagetsi (mota dzekutenga, mota dzinotakura otomatiki, mota dzemagetsi), zvinhu zvekutanga zvematurusi (madhiri asina waya, madhiraivha emagetsi, sledge dzemagetsi), michina/zviridzwa zvemaindasitiri, makamera, nezvimwewo.

Nzira yehunyanzvi yeindasitiri yekuchengetera simba muChina - electrochemical energy storage: liquid flow battery ne sodium sulfur battery liquid flow battery rudzi rwebhatiri rinogona kuchengetedza magetsi nekuburitsa magetsi kuburikidza ne electrochemical reaction ye soluble electric pair pa inert electrode. Maumbirwo e liquid flow battery monomer anosanganisira: positive ne negative electrodes; Electrode chamber yakakomberedzwa ne diaphragm ne electrode; Electrolyte tank, pombi uye pipeline system. Liquid-flow battery mudziyo wekuchengetera simba re electrochemical unogona kuona kushandurwa kwesimba remagetsi nesimba remakemikari kuburikidza ne oxidation-reduction reaction yezvinhu zvinoshanda zve liquid, nokudaro zvichiita kuti kuchengetwa nekuburitswa kwesimba remagetsi. Kune mhando dzakawanda dzakakamurwa uye masisitimu chaiwo e liquid flow battery. Parizvino, kune mhando ina chete dze liquid flow battery systems dzakanyatsodzidzwa pasi rose, dzinosanganisira all-vanadium liquid flow battery, zinc-bromine liquid flow battery, iron-chromium liquid flow battery uye sodium polysulfide/bromine liquid flow battery. Bhatiri re sodium-sulfur rinoumbwa nema electrode akanaka, ma electrode asina kunaka, electrolyte, diaphragm ne shell, izvo zvakasiyana nebhatiri rechipiri (bhatiri re lead-acid, bhatiri re nickel-cadmium, nezvimwewo). Bhatiri re sodium-sulfur rinoumbwa nema electrode akanyungudutswa ne electrolyte yakasimba. Chinhu chinoshanda che electrode isina kunaka isimbi yakanyungudutswa, uye chinhu chinoshanda che electrode isina kunaka i liquid sulfur ne sodium polysulfide salt yakanyungudutswa. Anode yebhatiri re sodium-sulfur inoumbwa ne liquid sulfur, cathode inoumbwa ne liquid sodium, uye beta-aluminium tube yezvinhu zve ceramic yakaparadzaniswa pakati. Tembiricha yekushanda kwebhatiri inofanira kuchengetedzwa pamusoro pe 300 ° C kuti electrode irambe yakanyungudutswa. Nzira yehunyanzvi yeindasitiri yekuchengetedza simba yeChina - fuel cell: hydrogen energy storage cell hydrogen fuel cell chishandiso chinoshandura zvakananga simba remakemikari re hydrogen kuita simba remagetsi. Nheyo huru ndeyekuti hydrogen inopinda muanode yefuel cell, yoora kuita magasi proton nemaerekitironi pasi pesimba re catalyst, uye mapurotoni ehydrogen akaumbwa anopfuura nepa proton exchange membrane kuti asvike pa cathode yefuel cell uye oksijeni kugadzira mvura. Maerekitironi anosvika pa cathode yefuel cell kuburikidza ne external circuit kuti agadzire current. Chaizvoizvo, i electrochemical reaction power generation device. Hukuru hwemusika wepasi rose energy storage industry — kugona kutsva kwakaiswa kwe energy storage industry kwakapetwa kaviri — hukuru hwemusika wepasi rose energy storage industry — lithium-ion batteries achiri mainstream form of energy storage — lithium-ion batteries ane mabhenefiti e high energy density, high conversion efficiency, fast response, nezvimwewo, uye parizvino ndiwo akanyanya kuwanda energy capacity kunze kwekupomba. Sekureva kwe white bepa rekuvandudza indasitiri ye lithium-ion battery industry yeChina (2022) yakaburitswa pamwe chete neEVTank neIvy Institute of Economics. Sekureva kwedata repepa jena, muna 2021, huwandu hwemabhatiri e lithium ion pasi rose huchava 562.4GWh, kuwedzera kukuru kwe91% pagore, uye chikamu chayo mukuisa magetsi matsva pasi rose chichapfuurawo 90%. Kunyangwe mamwe marudzi ekuchengetedza magetsi akadai sebhatiri revanadium-flow, bhatiri re sodium-ion uye mweya wakamanikidzwa akatangawo kutariswa zvakanyanya mumakore achangopfuura, bhatiri re lithium-ion richiri nemabhenefiti makuru maererano nekushanda, mutengo uye kufambira mberi kwemaindasitiri. Munguva pfupi nepakati, bhatiri re lithium-ion richava rudzi rukuru rwekuchengetedza magetsi pasi rose, uye huwandu hwaro mukuisa magetsi matsva ekuchengetedza magetsi hucharamba huri padanho repamusoro.

Longrun-energy inotarisa pamunda wekuchengetedza simba uye inobatanidza nzvimbo yebasa rekupa simba kuti ipe mhinduro dzekuchengetedza simba mumamiriro ezvinhu emhuri, maindasitiri nemabhizinesi, kusanganisira dhizaini, kudzidziswa kwekugadzira, mhinduro dzemusika, kudzora mitengo, manejimendi, mashandiro nekugadzirisa, nezvimwewo. Nemakore mazhinji ekushandira pamwe nevagadziri vemabhatiri vanozivikanwa nevagadziri veinverter, takapfupikisa ruzivo rwetekinoroji nekugadzira kuvaka hwaro hwebasa rekupa simba rakabatana.