Tsvagiridzo Yechizvino-zvino paMapaneru ePhotovoltaic

Parizvino, vaongorori vari kushanda munzvimbo nhatu huru dzekutsvaga kwe photovoltaics: crystalline silicon, perovskites uye flexible solar cells. Nzvimbo nhatu idzi dzinobatsirana, uye dzine mukana wekuita kuti tekinoroji ye photovoltaic ishande zvakanyanya.

Crystalline silicon ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa semiconducting material muma solar panels. Zvisinei, kushanda kwayo kuri pasi pemuganhu wedzidziso. Nokudaro, vaongorori vakatanga kutarisa pakugadzira ma crystalline PV epamusoro. National Renewable Energy Laboratory parizvino iri kutarisa pakugadzira zvinhu zveIII-V multijunction zvinotarisirwa kuva nemazinga ekushanda anosvika 30%.

MaPerovskite imhando itsva yemaseru ezuva ayo achangobva kuratidzwa kuti anoshanda uye anoshanda. Zvinhu izvi zvinonziwo "photosynthetic complexes." Ave achishandiswa kuwedzera kushanda kwemaseru ezuva. Anotarisirwa kuti atengeswe mumakore mashoma anotevera. Kana tichienzanisa nesilicon, maperovskite haadhure zvakanyanya uye ane nzira dzakasiyana siyana dzekushandisa.

Perovskites inogona kusanganiswa nezvinhu zvesilicon kugadzira solar cell inoshanda uye inogara kwenguva refu. Masero ezuva ePerovskite crystal anogona kushanda zvakanaka ne20 muzana kupfuura silicon. Zvinhu zvePerovskite neSi-PV zvakaratidzawo mazinga ekushanda zvakanaka anosvika 28 muzana. Pamusoro pezvo, vaongorori vakagadzira tekinoroji yebifacial inobvumira masero ezuva kuunganidza simba kubva kumativi ese epaneru. Izvi zvinobatsira zvikuru pamashandisirwo ekutengeserana, sezvo zvichichengetedza mari pamari yekuisa.

Pamusoro pemaperovskite, vaongorori vari kutsvagawo zvinhu zvinogona kushanda sezvinotakura chaji kana zvinotora chiedza. Zvinhu izvi zvinogonawo kubatsira kuita kuti maseru ezuva ave akachipa. Zvinogonawo kubatsira kugadzira mapaneru asingakuvadzi zvakanyanya.

Vaongorori vari kushanda pakugadzira sero rezuva reTandem Perovskite rinoshanda zvakanaka kwazvo. Sero iri rinotarisirwa kutengeswa mumakore mashoma anotevera. Vaongorori vari kushanda pamwe chete neUS Department of Energy neNational Science Foundation.

Pamusoro pezvo, vaongorori vari kushandawo panzira itsva dzekuunganidza simba rezuva murima. Nzira idzi dzinosanganisira solar distillation, iyo inoshandisa kupisa kubva papaneru kuchenesa mvura. Nzira idzi dziri kuyedzwa paStanford University.

Vaongorori vari kuongororawo kushandiswa kwemidziyo yePV inodziya muviri. Midziyo iyi inoshandisa kupisa kubva mupaneru kugadzira magetsi husiku. Iyi tekinoroji inogona kubatsira zvikuru mumamiriro ekunze anotonhora uko kushanda zvakanaka kwepaneru kushoma. Tembiricha yemasero inogona kuwedzera kusvika pa25degC padenga remba rine rima. Masero anogonawo kutonhodzwa nemvura, izvo zvinoita kuti ashande zvakanaka.

Vaongorori ava vachangobva kuwanawo kushandiswa kwemasero ezuva anochinjika. Mapaneru aya anogona kutsungirira kunyudzwa mumvura uye akareruka zvikuru. Anokwanisawo kutsungirira kuroverwa nemota. Tsvagiridzo yavo inotsigirwa neEni-MIT Alliance Solar Frontiers Program. Vakakwanisawo kugadzira nzira itsva yekuedza masero ePV.

Tsvagiridzo yazvino pamusoro pemapaneru emagetsi ezuva yakatarisana nekugadzira matekinoroji anoshanda zviri nani, asingadhuri, uye anogara kwenguva refu. Kuedza uku kuri kuitwa nemapoka akasiyana-siyana muUnited States nepasi rose. Matekinoroji ane tariro anosanganisira masero ezuva echizvarwa chechipiri ane firimu diki uye masero ezuva anochinjika.