Ubushinwa bushya bubika ingufu bizatangiza mugihe cyamahirwe akomeye yiterambere

Mu mpera z'umwaka wa 2022, ingufu zashyizweho mu kongera ingufu z'amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa zigeze kuri miliyari 1,213 kilowat, ibyo bikaba birenze ubushobozi bw’igihugu bwashyizweho n’amashanyarazi, bingana na 47.3% by'amashanyarazi yose yashyizweho mu gihugu. Ubushobozi bwo gutanga amashanyarazi buri mwaka burenga miliyari 2700 za kilowatt-amasaha, bingana na 31,6% by’imikoreshereze rusange y’amashanyarazi, ibyo bikaba bihwanye n’ikoreshwa ry’amashanyarazi mu bihugu by’Uburayi mu 2021.Ikibazo cyo kugenzura amashanyarazi yose kizagenda kigaragara cyane, bityo ububiko bushya bw’ingufu buzatangiza mu gihe cy’amahirwe akomeye y’iterambere!

Umunyamabanga mukuru yagaragaje ko guteza imbere iterambere ry’ingufu nshya kandi zisukuye bigomba guhabwa umwanya ugaragara. Mu 2022, hamwe n’impinduramatwara y’ingufu ziyongereye, iterambere ry’ingufu z’Ubushinwa ryongeye kugera ku ntera nshya, kandi ingufu zose zashyizwemo ingufu z’amakara y’igihugu zagiye zirenga amateka y’igihugu zashyizweho, zinjira mu cyiciro gishya cy’iterambere rinini ry’iterambere ryiza cyane.

Mu ntangiriro z'Iserukiramuco, Imbaraga nyinshi z'amashanyarazi zisukuye zongerewe ku muyoboro w'amashanyarazi. Ku mugezi wa Jinsha, ibice 16 byose by’amashanyarazi ya Baihetan bishyirwa mu bikorwa, bitanga amashanyarazi arenga miliyoni 100 kilowatt-buri munsi. Ku kibaya cya Qinghai-Tibet, hari kilowati 700000 za PV zashyizwe muri Delingha National Large Wind Power PV Base yo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi. Kuruhande rw'ubutayu bwa Tengger, turbine 60 z'umuyaga zimaze gushyirwa mu bikorwa zatangiye kuzunguruka ku muyaga, kandi buri mpinduramatwara irashobora kubyara dogere 480 z'amashanyarazi.

Mu 2022, ubushobozi bushya bwashyizweho bw’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu nk’amashanyarazi, ingufu z’umuyaga n’amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi mu gihugu bizagera ku rwego rushya, bingana na 76% by’ubushobozi bushya bwashyizweho bwo kubyaza ingufu amashanyarazi mu gihugu, kandi bube urwego nyamukuru rw’ubushobozi bushya bwashyizweho bwo gutanga amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa. Mu mpera z'umwaka wa 2022, ingufu zashyizweho mu kongera ingufu z'amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa zigeze kuri miliyari 1,213 kilowat, ibyo bikaba birenze ubushobozi bw’igihugu bwashyizweho n’amashanyarazi, bingana na 47.3% by'amashanyarazi yose yashyizweho mu gihugu. Ubushobozi bwo gutanga amashanyarazi buri mwaka burenga miliyari 2700 za kilowatt-amasaha, bingana na 31,6% by’imikoreshereze rusange y’amashanyarazi, ibyo bikaba bihwanye n’ikoreshwa ry’amashanyarazi y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi mu 2021.

Li Chuangjun, Umuyobozi w’ishami rishinzwe ingufu n’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu mu kigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ingufu, yagize ati: Kugeza ubu, ingufu z’Ubushinwa zishobora kongera kwerekana ibintu bishya biranga ibintu binini, binini cyane, bishingiye ku isoko kandi biteza imbere ubuziranenge. Ubuzima bwisoko bwararekuwe byuzuye. Iterambere ry’inganda ryayoboye isi kandi ryinjiye mu cyiciro gishya cy’iterambere ryiza cyane.
Uyu munsi, kuva mu butayu Gobi kugera ku nyanja yubururu, kuva hejuru yinzu kugeza mubibaya binini, ingufu zishobora kwerekana imbaraga zikomeye. Amashanyarazi manini adasanzwe nka Xiangjiaba, Xiluodu, Wudongde na Baihetan yashyizwe mu bikorwa, kandi ingufu nyinshi z’umuyaga n’ibirindiro bifotora bya kilowati miliyoni 10 zararangiye zishyirwa mu bikorwa, zirimo Jiuquan, Gansu, Hami, Xinjiang na Zhangjiakou, Hebei.

Ubushobozi bwashyizwemo ingufu z'amashanyarazi, ingufu z'umuyaga, ingufu z'amashanyarazi n’amashanyarazi ya biomass mu Bushinwa ni bwo bwa mbere ku isi mu myaka myinshi ikurikiranye. Ibice byingenzi nkibikoresho bifotora, turbine yumuyaga hamwe nudusanduku twa gare bikorerwa mubushinwa bingana na 70% byumugabane wisi ku isi. Mu 2022, ibikoresho bikozwe mu Bushinwa bizatanga umusanzu urenga 40% mu kugabanya ingufu z’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu ku isi. Ubushinwa bwagize uruhare runini kandi bugira uruhare runini mu guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere.

Yi Yuechun, Visi Perezida Nshingwabikorwa w'Ikigo Rusange gishinzwe igenamigambi n’amashanyarazi: Raporo ya Kongere y’igihugu ya 20 y’ishyaka rya gikomunisiti ry’Ubushinwa yasabye ko hashyirwaho ingamba zihamye kandi zihamye zo guteza imbere ingufu za karuboni no kutabogama kwa karubone, ibyo bikaba byashyizwe ahagaragara ibisabwa kugira ngo ingufu z’amashanyarazi ziyongere. Ntidukwiye kwiteza imbere gusa murwego runini, ahubwo tugomba no kurya kurwego rwo hejuru. Tugomba kandi kwemeza amashanyarazi yizewe kandi ahamye kandi twihutisha igenamigambi no kubaka sisitemu nshya y’ingufu.

Kugeza ubu, Ubushinwa burimo guteza imbere byimazeyo iterambere ryisumbuyeho ry’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu, ryibanda ku butayu, Gobi no mu butayu, no kwihutisha iyubakwa ry’ingufu nshya ku migabane irindwi, harimo n’imigezi yo hejuru y’umugezi w’umuhondo, Umuhanda wa Hexi, imigezi “myinshi” y’uruzi rw’umuhondo, na Sinayi, hamwe n’amasoko abiri y’amazi y’amazi y’amajyaruguru, Guizhou na Guangxi.

Mu rwego rwo gusunika ingufu z'umuyaga mu nyanja ndende, Ubushinwa bwa mbere bw’amashanyarazi areremba hejuru y’umuyaga, “CNOOC Mission Hills”, bufite ubujyakuzimu bw’amazi bwa metero zirenga 100 n’uburebure bwa kilometero zirenga 100, burimo gukoreshwa vuba kandi biteganijwe ko buzashyirwa mu bikorwa muri Kamena uyu mwaka.

Mu rwego rwo kwinjiza ingufu nshya ku rugero runini, muri Ulanqab, muri Mongoliya y'imbere, porogaramu ndwi zo kugenzura ikoranabuhanga mu kubika ingufu, harimo na batiri ya lithium-ion ikomeye, bateri ya sodium-ion ndetse no kubika ingufu za flawheel, byihutisha ubushakashatsi n'iterambere.

Sun Changping, perezida w’ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi cy’ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga mu itsinda rya Gorges eshatu, yagize ati: Tuzateza imbere ubwo buhanga bushya kandi buboneye bwo kubika ingufu mu iterambere rinini ry’imishinga mishya y’ingufu, kugira ngo tunoze ubushobozi bwo kwinjiza amashanyarazi mashya ndetse n’urwego rukora neza rw’umuriro w'amashanyarazi.

Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ingufu giteganya ko mu 2025, ingufu z’umuyaga n’izuba mu Bushinwa zizikuba kabiri guhera mu 2020, kandi hejuru ya 80% by’amashanyarazi mashya y’umuryango wose azakomoka ku mbaraga zishobora kongera ingufu.