Zochitika Zatsopano mu Zatsopano za Mabatire Amphamvu Padziko Lonse

Mayiko padziko lonse lapansi akuthamanga kuti akonzenso zipangizo ndi kapangidwe ka mabatire mobwerezabwereza kuti apange mbadwo watsopano wa mabatire amphamvu komanso otsika mtengo pofika chaka cha 2025.

Ponena za zipangizo zamagetsi, njira yodziwika bwino yowonjezerera kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya batri yamagetsi ndikuchepetsa ndalama imaphatikizapo kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa cobalt muzinthu zopangira ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa nickel, poganizira mkangano pakati pa kusowa kwa zinthu ndi kufunikira kwakukulu. Makampani akuluakulu amagetsi monga Panasonic, LG, ndi CATL akuyang'ana kwambiri mabatire otsika cobalt ndi opanda cobalt ngati mbadwo wotsatira wa chitukuko cha mabatire amagetsi. Kufunika kowonjezereka kwa mphamvu zambiri chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa magetsi akuchulukirachulukira kukukakamiza malire apamwamba a mphamvu muzinthu za lithiamu-ion graphite anode. Kuphatikiza kwa silicon-carbon anodes ndi zinthu za nickel ternary kukukhala chizolowezi chotukuka.

Ponena za kusonkhanitsa ma batire, ma module okhazikika amagwiritsa ntchito pafupifupi 40% yokha ya malo omwe alipo. Cholinga chachikulu pakukonza kapangidwe ka batire chili mu njira zolumikizirana komanso zosavuta zama cell, ma module, ndi ma paketi. Njira monga kuphatikiza ma cell mwachindunji m'ma batire (ukadaulo wa CTP) kapena kuphatikiza ma batire ndi magalimoto (ukadaulo wa CTC) zikubwera ngati njira zowongolera.

Kusiyanasiyana kwa njira zaukadaulo wa mabatire amphamvu kukuyembekezeka kutsogolera ku kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwakukulu kwa mabatire olimba pofika chaka cha 2030.

Pakadali pano, mabatire a sodium-ion ali kumayambiriro kwa malonda, koma amaletsedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zawo. Pofika chaka cha 2030, mabatire a sodium-ion akukonzekera kuwonjezera mabatire a lithiamu-ion ndikupeza ntchito zosungira mphamvu ndi magalimoto amagetsi otsika liwiro omwe amakhudzidwa ndi mitengo. Kukula kwa ukadaulo wa mabatire olimba kukukula mofulumira, ndipo mabatire a m'badwo wotsatira monga mabatire olimba a 500 watt-hours pa kilogalamu ndi mabatire a lithiamu-sulfur akuyembekezeka kulowa pamsika pamlingo waukulu pafupifupi chaka cha 2030. Kafukufuku wopitilira pa mabatire achitsulo-mpweya ogwira ntchito kwambiri komanso mabatire achitsulo-hydrogen otsika mtengo akuyembekezeka kutsogolera ku chitukuko cha ntchito pambuyo pa 2030.

Kuyesetsa kubwezeretsanso mabatire amagetsi ndi kasamalidwe ka moyo wonse kukuyembekezeka kukhala zopinga zatsopano zaukadaulo mtsogolo.

European Union yakhazikitsa lamulo la New Battery Act ndi New Battery Strategy Research and Innovation Agenda, zomwe zakhazikitsa "malire obiriwira" pazinthu zamagetsi zamagetsi. Zopinga zaukadaulo ndi kaboni pa mabatire zamagetsi zitha kukwera, zomwe zikugogomezera kufunika kobwezeretsanso mabatire ndi mphamvu zake zochepetsera mpweya woipa. EU yanena momveka bwino kuti pofika chaka cha 2031, kuchuluka kwa cobalt, nickel, ndi mkuwa kuyenera kufika pa 95%, ndi lithiamu pa 80%. Kukhazikitsa "malire obiriwira" kukuyembekezeka kufulumizitsa chitukuko cha ukadaulo wobwezeretsanso mabatire ndikugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje mumakampani opanga zinthu zongowonjezwdwanso. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyambitsa "mapasipoti a batire" kudzathandiza kugawana deta ndi kuphatikiza mitundu yoyendetsera mabatire, kukulitsa kuwonekera bwino komanso kutsata deta ya moyo wa batire yamagetsi.

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