Malo atsopano osungira mphamvu ku China adzabweretsa nthawi ya mwayi waukulu wopititsa patsogolo chitukuko

Pofika kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2022, mphamvu yowonjezeredwa yomwe idayikidwa ku China yafika pa ma kilowatts 1.213 biliyoni, zomwe ndi zoposa mphamvu ya malasha yomwe idayikidwa mdzikolo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti 47.3% ya mphamvu yonse yomwe idayikidwa mdzikolo ipangidwe. Mphamvu yopangira mphamvu pachaka ndi ma kilowatts-maola opitilira 2700 biliyoni, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti 31.6% ya mphamvu yonse yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pagulu, zomwe ndizofanana ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe EU imagwiritsa ntchito mu 2021. Vuto la malamulo a dongosolo lonse lamagetsi lidzawonekera kwambiri, kotero malo atsopano osungira mphamvu adzabweretsa nthawi ya mwayi waukulu wopititsa patsogolo chitukuko!

Mlembi Wamkulu adanenanso kuti kulimbikitsa chitukuko cha mphamvu zatsopano komanso zoyera kuyenera kupatsidwa udindo waukulu. Mu 2022, ndi kuzama kwa kusintha kwa mphamvu, chitukuko cha mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa ku China chinapeza chitukuko chatsopano, ndipo mphamvu yonse yoyika ya mphamvu ya malasha mdziko muno yakhala ikuposa mphamvu zonse zoyika zadziko lonse, kulowa mu gawo latsopano la chitukuko chachikulu cha leapfrog.

Kumayambiriro kwa Chikondwerero cha Masika, mphamvu zambiri zamagetsi zoyera zawonjezedwa ku National Power Network. Pa Mtsinje wa Jinsha, mayunitsi onse 16 a Baihetan Hydropower Station amayamba kugwira ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa magetsi opitilira ma kilowatt-hours 100 miliyoni tsiku lililonse. Pa Phiri la Qinghai-Tibet, pali ma kilowatts 700000 a PV omwe amayikidwa ku Delingha National Large Wind Power PV Base kuti apange magetsi olumikizidwa ndi gridi. Pafupi ndi Chipululu cha Tengger, ma turbines 60 amphepo omwe angoyamba kumene kupanga anayamba kuzungulira motsutsana ndi mphepo, ndipo kusintha kulikonse kumatha kupanga magetsi okwana madigiri 480.

Mu 2022, mphamvu yatsopano yowonjezeredwa ya mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa monga mphamvu yamadzi, mphamvu yamphepo ndi mphamvu ya photovoltaic mdziko muno idzafika pa mbiri yatsopano, yomwe imapanga 76% ya mphamvu yatsopano yowonjezeredwa ya mphamvu zopangira magetsi mdziko muno, ndipo idzakhala gawo lalikulu la mphamvu yatsopano yowonjezeredwa ya mphamvu zopangira magetsi ku China. Pofika kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2022, mphamvu yowonjezeredwa ya mphamvu yowonjezeredwa ya China yafika pa ma kilowatts 1.213 biliyoni, zomwe ndi zoposa mphamvu ya malasha yoyikidwa mdziko muno, zomwe zimapanga 47.3% ya mphamvu yonse yowonjezeredwa ya mphamvu zopangira magetsi mdziko muno. Mphamvu yopangidwa ndi magetsi pachaka ndi ma kilowatts-maola opitilira 2700 biliyoni, zomwe zimapanga 31.6% ya mphamvu yonse yogwiritsidwa ntchito pagulu, zomwe ndizofanana ndi mphamvu yamagetsi ya EU mu 2021.

Li Chuangjun, Mtsogoleri wa Dipatimenti ya Mphamvu Zatsopano ndi Mphamvu Zobwezeretsanso ya National Energy Administration, anati: Pakadali pano, mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa ku China zawonetsa zinthu zatsopano za chitukuko chachikulu, chapamwamba, choyang'ana pamsika komanso chapamwamba. Mphamvu yamsika yatulutsidwa mokwanira. Chitukuko cha mafakitale chatsogolera dziko lonse lapansi ndipo chalowa mu gawo latsopano la chitukuko chapamwamba kwambiri.
Masiku ano, kuyambira ku Gobi m'chipululu mpaka ku nyanja yabuluu, kuyambira padenga la dziko lapansi mpaka ku zigwa zazikulu, mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso zimasonyeza mphamvu zazikulu. Malo akuluakulu opangira magetsi monga Xiangjiaba, Xiluodu, Wudongde ndi Baihetan ayamba kugwira ntchito, ndipo maziko ambiri amphamvu a mphepo ndi photovoltaic a ma kilowatts 10 miliyoni atsirizidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito, kuphatikizapo Jiuquan, Gansu, Hami, Xinjiang ndi Zhangjiakou, Hebei.

Mphamvu yokhazikika ya magetsi opangidwa ndi madzi, mphamvu ya mphepo, mphamvu ya photovoltaic ndi mphamvu ya biomass ku China yakhala yoyamba padziko lonse lapansi kwa zaka zambiri motsatizana. Zigawo zofunika kwambiri monga ma module a photovoltaic, ma turbine a mphepo ndi mabokosi a magiya opangidwa ku China ndi 70% ya gawo la msika wapadziko lonse. Mu 2022, zida zopangidwa ku China zidzathandizira kuchepetsa mpweya woipa womwe umabwera chifukwa cha mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa padziko lonse lapansi. China yakhala yotenga nawo mbali komanso yofunikira kwambiri pakuyankha padziko lonse lapansi pakusintha kwa nyengo.

Yi Yuechun, Wachiwiri kwa Purezidenti wa General Institute of Hydropower Planning and Design: Lipoti la Msonkhano Wadziko Lonse wa 20 wa Chipani cha Chikomyunizimu cha China linapereka lingaliro lolimbikitsa mwamphamvu komanso mosalekeza kuchuluka kwa mpweya woipa komanso kuletsa mpweya woipa, zomwe zinapereka zofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso. Sitiyenera kungopanga mphamvu zambiri zokha, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri. Tiyeneranso kuonetsetsa kuti magetsi akupezeka modalirika komanso mokhazikika ndikufulumizitsa kukonzekera ndi kumanga njira yatsopano yamagetsi.

Pakadali pano, China ikulimbikitsa kwambiri chitukuko champhamvu zongowonjezedwanso, kuyang'ana kwambiri chipululu, madera a Gobi ndi chipululu, ndikufulumizitsa ntchito yomanga maziko atsopano a mphamvu m'makontinenti asanu ndi awiri, kuphatikizapo madera akumtunda kwa Mtsinje wa Yellow, Hexi Corridor, "makhonde angapo" a Mtsinje wa Yellow, ndi Xinjiang, komanso maziko awiri akuluakulu ophatikizika amadzi ndi magulu amphamvu a mphepo ochokera kumadera akum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Tibet, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou ndi Guangxi.

Pofuna kukankhira mphamvu ya mphepo m'nyanja yakuya, nsanja yoyamba yamagetsi ya mphepo yoyandama ku China, "CNOOC Mission Hills", yokhala ndi kuya kwa madzi kopitilira mamita 100 ndi mtunda wopitilira makilomita 100 kuchokera kunyanja, ikuyendetsedwa mwachangu ndipo ikuyembekezeka kuyambika kwathunthu mu June chaka chino.

Pofuna kuyamwa mphamvu zatsopano pamlingo waukulu, ku Ulanqab, Inner Mongolia, nsanja zisanu ndi ziwiri zotsimikizira ukadaulo wosungira mphamvu, kuphatikizapo mabatire a lithiamu-ion olimba, mabatire a sodium-ion ndi malo osungira mphamvu a flywheel, zikufulumizitsa kafukufuku ndi chitukuko.

Sun Changping, purezidenti wa Research Institute of Science and Technology of the Three Gorges Group, anati: Tidzalimbikitsa ukadaulo watsopano wosungira mphamvu woyenera komanso wotetezekawu pakukula kwakukulu kwa mapulojekiti atsopano amagetsi, kuti tiwongolere mphamvu yoyamwa ya kulumikizana kwa gridi yatsopano yamagetsi komanso kuchuluka kwa magwiridwe antchito otetezeka a gridi yamagetsi.

Bungwe la National Energy Administration likuneneratu kuti pofika chaka cha 2025, mphamvu zamagetsi za mphepo ndi dzuwa ku China zidzawirikiza kawiri kuyambira chaka cha 2020, ndipo zoposa 80% ya mphamvu zatsopano zomwe anthu onse amagwiritsa ntchito zidzapangidwa kuchokera ku mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso.