Cov Kev Tshawb Fawb Tshiab Tshaj Plaws ntawm Cov Vaj Huam Sib Luag Photovoltaic

Tam sim no, cov kws tshawb fawb tab tom ua haujlwm rau peb qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshawb fawb txog photovoltaics: crystalline silicon, perovskites thiab flexible solar cells. Peb qhov no yog sib pab ua ke, thiab lawv muaj peev xwm ua kom cov thev naus laus zis photovoltaic ua haujlwm tau zoo dua.

Crystalline silicon yog cov khoom siv semiconducting feem ntau siv hauv cov vaj huam sib luag hnub ci. Txawm li cas los xij, nws qhov ua tau zoo yog qis dua qhov kev xav. Yog li ntawd, cov kws tshawb fawb tau pib tsom mus rau kev tsim cov PV crystalline siab heev. Lub Chaw Kuaj Xyuas Zog Rov Ua Dua Tshiab Hauv Tebchaws tam sim no tab tom tsom mus rau kev tsim cov khoom siv III-V multijunction uas xav tias yuav muaj qib ua tau zoo txog li 30%.

Perovskites yog ib hom tshiab ntawm lub hnub ci cell uas nyuam qhuav tau pom tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo. Cov ntaub ntawv no kuj raug xa mus rau "photosynthetic complexes." Lawv tau siv los ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov hnub ci cell. Lawv xav tias yuav raug muag hauv ob peb xyoos tom ntej no. Piv rau silicon, perovskites pheej yig thiab muaj ntau yam kev siv tau.

Cov khoom siv perovskites tuaj yeem sib xyaw nrog cov khoom siv silicon los tsim lub hnub ci cell uas ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab ruaj khov. Cov khoom siv perovskite siv lead ua hnub ci tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau zoo dua li silicon 20 feem pua. Cov khoom siv perovskite thiab Si-PV kuj tau pom tias muaj kev ua haujlwm tau zoo txog li 28 feem pua. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tsim cov thev naus laus zis bifacial uas ua rau cov hnub ci cell tuaj yeem sau lub zog los ntawm ob sab ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag. Qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov ntawv thov lag luam, vim nws txuag nyiaj ntawm cov nqi teeb tsa.

Ntxiv rau perovskites, cov kws tshawb fawb kuj tseem tab tom tshawb nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv uas tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ua tus nqa hluav taws xob lossis lub teeb nqus. Cov ntaub ntawv no kuj tseem tuaj yeem pab ua kom cov roj teeb hnub ci pheej yig dua. Lawv kuj tseem tuaj yeem pab tsim cov vaj huam sib luag uas tsis tshua muaj kev puas tsuaj.

Cov kws tshawb nrhiav tab tom ua haujlwm los tsim lub hnub ci Tandem Perovskite uas ua haujlwm tau zoo heev. Lub hnub ci no yuav raug muag hauv ob peb xyoos tom ntej no. Cov kws tshawb nrhiav tab tom koom tes nrog US Department of Energy thiab National Science Foundation.

Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, cov kws tshawb nrhiav kuj tseem tab tom ua haujlwm rau cov txheej txheem tshiab los sau lub zog hnub ci hauv qhov tsaus ntuj. Cov txheej txheem no suav nrog kev lim dej hnub ci, uas siv cua sov los ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag los ntxuav dej. Cov txheej txheem no tau raug sim ntawm Stanford University.

Cov kws tshawb nrhiav kuj tseem tab tom tshawb nrhiav kev siv cov khoom siv thermoradiative PV. Cov khoom siv no siv cua sov los ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag los tsim hluav taws xob thaum hmo ntuj. Cov thev naus laus zis no tuaj yeem pab tau tshwj xeeb hauv huab cua txias uas qhov ua haujlwm ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag tsis zoo. Qhov kub ntawm cov cell tuaj yeem nce mus txog ntau dua 25degC ntawm lub ru tsev tsaus ntuj. Cov cell kuj tseem tuaj yeem txias los ntawm dej, uas ua rau lawv ua haujlwm tau zoo dua.

Cov kws tshawb fawb no kuj tau tshawb pom tsis ntev los no txog kev siv cov roj teeb hnub ci uas yoog tau. Cov vaj huam sib luag no tuaj yeem tiv taus kev poob dej thiab tsis hnyav heev. Lawv kuj tseem tuaj yeem tiv taus kev raug lub tsheb tsoo. Lawv txoj kev tshawb fawb tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm Eni-MIT Alliance Solar Frontiers Program. Lawv kuj tau tsim ib txoj hauv kev tshiab los sim cov roj teeb PV.

Cov kev tshawb fawb tshiab tshaj plaws txog cov vaj huam sib luag photovoltaic yog tsom mus rau kev tsim cov thev naus laus zis uas ua haujlwm tau zoo dua, pheej yig dua, thiab ruaj khov dua. Cov kev tshawb fawb no tau ua los ntawm ntau pawg neeg hauv Tebchaws Meskas thiab thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Cov thev naus laus zis zoo tshaj plaws suav nrog tiam thib ob tiam thin-film solar cells thiab flexible solar cells.