Menene fa'idodin baturin ajiyar makamashi?

Hanyar fasaha ta masana'antar ajiyar makamashi ta kasar Sin - ajiyar makamashi na electrochemical: A halin yanzu, kayan aikin cathode na yau da kullum na batir lithium sun hada da lithium cobalt oxide (LCO), lithium manganese oxide (LMO), lithium iron phosphate (LFP) da kayan ternary. Lithium cobaltate shine farkon siyar da kayan cathode tare da babban ƙarfin lantarki, babban ƙarfin famfo, tsayayyen tsari da aminci mai kyau, amma tsada da ƙarancin ƙarfi. Lithium manganate yana da ƙarancin farashi da ƙarfin lantarki mai yawa, amma aikin sake zagayowar sa ba shi da kyau kuma ƙarfinsa ma kaɗan ne. Ƙarfi da farashin kayan ternary sun bambanta bisa ga abun ciki na nickel, cobalt da manganese (ban da NCA). Gabaɗayan ƙarfin kuzari ya fi na lithium baƙin ƙarfe phosphate da lithium cobaltate. Lithium iron phosphate yana da ƙarancin farashi, kyakkyawan aikin hawan keke da aminci mai kyau, amma dandamalin ƙarfin lantarki yana da ƙasa kuma ƙarancin ƙarfinsa yana da ƙasa, yana haifar da ƙarancin ƙarfin ƙarfin gabaɗaya. A halin yanzu, bangaren samar da wutar lantarki ya mamaye ternary da iron lithium, yayin da bangaren amfani ya fi lithium cobalt. Ana iya raba kayan lantarki mara kyau zuwa kayan carbon da kayan da ba na carbon: kayan carbon sun haɗa da graphite wucin gadi, graphite na halitta, mesophase carbon microspheres, carbon mai taushi, carbon mai wuya, da sauransu; Abubuwan da ba na carbon sun haɗa da lithium titanate, kayan da aka yi da silicon, kayan da aka yi da gwangwani, da dai sauransu. graphite na halitta da graphite na wucin gadi a halin yanzu an fi amfani da su. Ko da yake graphite na halitta yana da fa'ida a cikin farashi da ƙayyadaddun iya aiki, rayuwar sake zagayowar ta ba ta da ƙarfi kuma daidaitonta ba ta da kyau; Duk da haka, kaddarorin graphite na wucin gadi suna da ingantacciyar daidaituwa, tare da kyakkyawan aiki na wurare dabam dabam da dacewa mai kyau tare da electrolyte. An fi amfani da graphite na wucin gadi don manyan batura masu ƙarfin abin hawa da manyan batir lithium masu amfani, yayin da graphite na halitta galibi ana amfani da shi don ƙananan batura lithium da maƙasudin maƙasudi na batir lithium na gabaɗaya. Abubuwan da ke tushen silicon a cikin kayan da ba na carbon ba har yanzu suna kan aiwatar da ci gaba da bincike da haɓakawa. Za a iya raba masu rarraba baturi na lithium zuwa busassun masu bushewa da kuma rigar rarrabuwa bisa ga tsarin samarwa, kuma rigar murfin membrane a cikin rigar SEPARATOR zai zama babban yanayin. Tsarin rigar da bushewar tsari yana da nasu amfani da rashin amfani. Tsarin rigar yana da ƙananan pore size da nau'i na fim din, amma zuba jari yana da yawa, tsarin yana da rikitarwa, kuma gurɓataccen muhalli yana da girma. Tsarin bushewa yana da sauƙi mai sauƙi, ƙara ƙimar ƙima da kuma abokantaka na muhalli, amma girman pore da porosity suna da wuyar sarrafawa kuma samfurin yana da wuyar yin bakin ciki.

Hanyar fasaha ta masana'antar ajiyar makamashi ta kasar Sin - ajiyar makamashi na electrochemical: gubar acid baturi gubar acid baturi (VRLA) baturi ne wanda electrode yafi sanya da gubar da oxide, da electrolyte ne sulfuric acid bayani. A cikin yanayin cajin baturin gubar-acid, babban abin da ke cikin ingantaccen electrode shine gubar dioxide, kuma babban abin da ke haifar da mummunan electrode shine gubar; A cikin yanayin fitarwa, manyan abubuwan da ke cikin ingantattun na'urori masu kyau da na lantarki sune gubar sulfate. Ka'idar aiki na baturin gubar-acid shine baturin gubar-acid wani nau'in baturi ne mai dauke da carbon dioxide da gubar spongy karfe a matsayin abubuwa masu inganci da mara kyau, da kuma maganin sulfuric acid a matsayin electrolyte. A abũbuwan amfãni daga gubar-acid baturi ne in mun gwada balagagge masana'antu sarkar, aminci amfani, sauki tabbatarwa, low cost, dogon sabis rayuwa, barga quality, da dai sauransu The disadvantages ne jinkirin caji gudun, low makamashi yawa, short sake zagayowar rayuwa, da sauki haifar da gurbatawa, da dai sauransu Gubar-acid baturi ana amfani da matsayin jiran aiki samar da wutar lantarki a cikin sadarwa, hasken rana makamashi tsarin, lantarki tsarin madadin, CR tsarin, Ajiyayyen makamashi tsarin, lantarki tsarin, CR tsarin, Ajiyayyen makamashi tsarin, lantarki tsarin, CR tsarin, Ajiyayyen tsarin, lantarki tsarin, lantarki tsarin, CR. da dai sauransu), kayan aiki na gaggawa, da dai sauransu, kuma a matsayin babban kayan wuta a cikin kayan sadarwa, masu sarrafa wutar lantarki (motocin saye, motocin sufuri na atomatik, motocin lantarki), kayan aiki na kayan aiki (ƙwararrun igiyoyi, direbobi na lantarki, sledges na lantarki), kayan aikin masana'antu / kayan aiki, kyamarori, da dai sauransu.

The fasaha hanya na kasar Sin makamashi ajiya masana'antu - electrochemical makamashi ajiya: ruwa kwarara baturi da sodium sulfur baturi ruwa ya kwarara baturi ne irin baturi da zai iya adana wutar lantarki da sallama wutar lantarki ta hanyar electrochemical dauki mai narkewa lantarki biyu a kan inert lantarki. Tsarin na'urar monomer na baturi na yau da kullun ya haɗa da: na'urori masu inganci da korau; Gidan lantarki da ke kewaye da diaphragm da lantarki; Tankin lantarki, famfo da tsarin bututun mai. Batir mai gudanawa shine na'urar ajiyar makamashi ta lantarki wanda zai iya fahimtar jujjuyawar juna na makamashin lantarki da makamashin sinadarai ta hanyar rage iskar oxygen-rage na abubuwa masu aiki na ruwa, don haka fahimtar ajiya da sakin makamashin lantarki. Akwai nau'ikan rabe-raben da yawa da takamaiman tsarin baturin kwarara ruwa. A halin yanzu, akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan tsarin batir masu kwarara ruwa guda huɗu waɗanda aka yi nazari sosai cikin zurfi a duniya, waɗanda suka haɗa da batir ɗin ruwa mai gudana duka-vanadium, baturin kwararar ruwa na zinc-bromine, baturin kwararar ruwa na ƙarfe-chromium da batirin ruwa mai kwarara sodium polysulfide/bromine. Batirin sodium-sulfur yana kunshe da ingantattun lantarki, gurɓataccen lantarki, electrolyte, diaphragm da harsashi, wanda ya bambanta da baturin sakandare na gaba ɗaya (batir-acid baturi, baturin nickel-cadmium, da sauransu). Batirin sodium-sulfur ya ƙunshi narkakkar lantarki da ƙwaƙƙwaran lantarki. Abubuwan da ke aiki na gurɓataccen lantarki shine narkakkar ƙarfe sodium, kuma abu mai aiki na ingantaccen lantarki shine sulfur ruwa da narkakken sodium polysulfide gishiri. A anode na sodium-sulfur baturi ya ƙunshi ruwa sulfur, da cathode ya ƙunshi ruwa sodium, da kuma beta-aluminum tube na yumbu abu rabu a tsakiya. Za a kiyaye zafin aiki na baturin sama da 300 ° C don kiyaye lantarki a cikin narkakkar yanayi. Hanyar fasaha ta masana'antar ajiyar makamashi ta kasar Sin - kwayar mai: hydrogen makamashin makamashin cell hydrogen man fetur na'ura ce da ke canza makamashin sinadarai na hydrogen zuwa makamashin lantarki kai tsaye. Ainihin ka'idar ita ce hydrogen yana shiga cikin anode na kwayar mai, ya rushe zuwa protons gas da electrons a karkashin aikin mai kara kuzari, kuma hydrogen protons da aka kafa suna ratsa ta cikin membrane na musayar proton don isa ga cathode na man fetur da kuma haɗuwa da oxygen don samar da ruwa, The electrons sun isa cathode na man fetur ta hanyar waje don samar da halin yanzu. Ainihin, na'urar samar da wutar lantarki ce ta lantarki. Girman kasuwa na masana'antar ajiyar makamashi ta duniya - sabon ƙarfin da aka shigar na masana'antar ajiyar makamashi ya ninka - girman kasuwa na masana'antar ajiyar makamashi ta duniya - batirin lithium-ion har yanzu shine babban nau'in ajiyar makamashi - batura lithium-ion suna da fa'idodi na yawan kuzarin makamashi, babban juzu'i mai inganci, saurin amsawa, da sauransu, kuma a halin yanzu sune mafi girman adadin da aka girka sai dai don famfo. A cewar farar takarda kan ci gaban masana'antar batirin lithium-ion ta kasar Sin (2022) da EVTank da Cibiyar Tattalin Arziki ta Ivy suka fitar tare. Dangane da bayanan farar takarda, a shekarar 2021, jimilar jigilar batir lithium ion a duniya zai kai 562.4GWh, wani gagarumin karuwar kashi 91% a shekara, kuma rabonsa a sabbin na'urorin ajiyar makamashi na duniya shima zai wuce 90%. Ko da yake sauran nau'ikan ajiyar makamashi kamar batirin vanadium-flow, batirin sodium-ion da matsewar iska su ma sun fara samun kulawa sosai a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, batirin lithium-ion har yanzu yana da fa'ida sosai ta fuskar aiki, farashi da masana'antu. A cikin gajeren lokaci da matsakaita, baturin lithium-ion zai kasance babban nau'in ajiyar makamashi a duniya, kuma rabonsa a cikin sabbin na'urorin ajiyar makamashi zai kasance a matsayi mai girma.

Longrun-makamashi mayar da hankali a kan filin na makamashi ajiya da kuma integrates da makamashi samar sarkar sabis tushe don samar da makamashi ajiya mafita ga iyali da kuma masana'antu da kuma kasuwanci al'amurran da suka shafi, ciki har da zane, taro horo, kasuwa mafita, kudin kula da, management, aiki da kuma kiyayewa, da dai sauransu Tare da shekaru masu yawa na hadin gwiwa tare da sanannun baturi masana'antun da inverter masana'antun, mun taƙaita fasaha da kuma ci gaban kwarewa gina wani hadedde samar da sabis tushe.